Prerequisites: PHYS G6037 or the equivalent. The elementary particles and their properties; interactions of charged particles and radiation with matter; accelerators, particle beams, detectors; conservation laws; symmetry principles; strong interactions, resonances, unitary symmetry; electromagnetic interactions; weak interactions; current topics.
Key question: How to harmonize the diverse objectives of private investors, public sector officials, multilateral institutions and other key actors in the development of international infrastructure projects. This course will examine the principles underlying global infrastructure investment and explore effective strategies to encourage development of facilities for transportation, water, energy, healthcare and education. The classes will focus primarily upon three or more specific case studies of recent projects. Subjects of examination will include the Queen Alia International Airport in Jordan, the Kenya-Uganda Rift Valley Railway, the Sorek water desalination system in Israel, and the Gandhinagar Photovoltaic Rooftop Program in India. The projects will be examined from the perspectives of financial investors, industrial operators, creditors, including commercial banks and multilateral institutions, government policymakers and the public. Issues discussed will include risk allocation, delivery methods and the evolving cast of global investors.
The course will focus on the knowledge and skills required to develop an idea, thoughtfully plan, articulate and pitch a new social enterprise, venture or business. This course is a workshop, not a lecture course. Students will work on projects in teams to brainstorm - define ideas, engage in customer discovery - development, create viable business models - budgets and be able to pitch their idea to potential partners and investors. Components of the course include: 1) Design Thinking, Ideation and Prototyping; 2) Business Planning and Budgeting; 3) Social Impact Measurement; 4) Pitching ideas.
Global Energy Policy gives an objective view of the world energy system and the energy transition. This course aims at providing students with the critical knowledge and skills to understand the energy trilemma and the trade-offs that governments have to make in designing energy policies. The course centers around sustainability but deep-dives into the technological and political economy constraints that inhibit a higher-paced transition. Consequentially, the course focuses on three elements. First, we evaluate the state of play, trends and projections in global energy, including key technologies, investment trends and subsidy policies. Second, we use case-based teaching to understand the drivers and constraints associated with national energy policy decision making. Cases are chosen to discuss the role of social contracts, firms, geopolitics and vested interests. They include, among others power sector reform in India; biofuel reform in the US and the EU; oil and natural gas geopolitics; oil & conflict; corruption in the energy sector; energy in China’s Belt and Road Initiative. And third, we discuss regional and global energy policies and players.
This course will cover economic approaches to optimally manage natural resources and the environment. We will start with a brief review why unregulated markets will lead to suboptimal environmental outcomes (market failures like externalities, public goods, and open access). The second part discusses different ways to intervene in the market (command-and-control, taxes, subsidies for innovation, pollution permits, and property rights). Economic concepts will be discussed using recent policy issues (climate change, green new deal, fossil fuel markets, carbon tax, interstate pollution regulation, and ecosystem services). The third and final part discusses how to empirically estimate the cost of environmental regulation on regulated industries as well as the benefits to consumers and firms.
This course begins with two central and related epistemological problems in conducting ethnographic research: first, the notion that objects of scientific research are ‘made’ through adopting a particular relational stance and asking certain kinds of questions. From framing a research problem and choosing a ‘research context’ story to tell, to the kinds of methods one selects to probe such a problem, the ‘how’ and ‘what’ – or means and content – are inextricably intertwined. A second epistemological problem concerns the artifice of reality, and the nebulous distinction between truth and fiction, no less than the question of where or with whom one locates such truth. With these issues framing the course, we will work through some key themes and debates in anthropology from the perspective of methodology, ranging from subject/object liminality to incommensurability and radical alterity to the politics of representation. Students will design an ethnographic project of their choosing and conduct research throughout the term, applying different methodological approaches popular in anthropology and the social sciences more generally, such as participant observation, semi-structured interview, diary-keeping and note-taking.
Human societies do not exist separately from the natural environment, and the effects that humans have on natural systems have become so great that some scientists claim we have entered into a new epoch, the Anthropocene. In this course we shall look not only at how humans have altered the environment (impacts), but why societies have degraded the environment to their own detriment (behavior), how human behavior can be changed to protect the environment (policy), and how to tell whether the policies being adopted make humans better off (cost-benefit analysis). As the course is about the environment from a human perspective, we shall incorporate both the natural and social sciences into our framework. And as there are no prerequisites, we shall focus on basic concepts.
The purpose of this course is to establish a core energy skill set for SIPA students and prepare them for more advanced energy courses by providing a basic language and toolset for understanding energy issues. Existing energy sources and the infrastructures that deliver them to users around the world are undergoing a period of rapid change. Limits to growth, rapidly fluctuating raw material prices, and the emergence of new technology options all contribute to heightened risk and opportunity in the energy sector.
This seminar will introduce both the concepts and practical implementation in PyTorch of neural networks and deep learning, with a focus on general principles and examples from vision.
Crystal structure, reciprocal lattices, classification of solids, lattice dynamics, anharmonic effects in crystals, classical electron models of metals, electron band structure, and low-dimensional electron structures.
The construction and operation of buildings is the most environmentally damaging of all human activities in the United States and possibly the world. Coined in the late 80’s, so-called “green buildings” have the potential to largely eliminate negative environmental externalities and, with emerging design practices and technologies, even prove to be a restorative force for nature. As the largest consumer of energy on the planet, climate change will not be solvable without full-scale implementation of green building programs and policies. This 14-week course will offer participants practical tools to understand the benefits of green buildings and the barriers and policy and programmatic prescriptions that can deliver this vital solution at the necessary scale, scope and speed to implement 21c sustainable solutions.
Recognition, prevention and resolution of environmental problems depends on effective environmental advocacy, but what constitutes effective collective action? Advocates typically argue that they represent the collective interests of the general public and underrepresented groups, and use a variety of tactics to express themselves over a range of scale. Government regulation and environmental science also often rely upon the product of advocacy to different degrees. How much has advocacy influenced environmental policy and political and civic engagement? This class examines the role of advocacy and science inside and outside the US environmental policy-making process, and addresses different approaches to environmental advocacy from the local to the global. Using both historical and contemporary sources, the course investigates how different groups experience the natural and built worlds, the interplay of citizens and science, the treatment of science by advocates and the media, and the role of advocates of various types in legislative, administrative and judicial decision making. It also takes a comparative approach of how other political systems (e.g. China) experience and responds to environmental advocacy. Along the way, we will explore connections between environmental change and social inequality, the rise of modern environmental politics, environmentalism and nationalism, and differing visions for the future of nature.
Selected advanced topics in computational neuroscience and neuroengineering. Content varies from year to year, and different topics rotate through the course numbers 6090-6099. Topic: Devices and Analysis for Neural Circuits.
Prerequisites: PHYS W3008 or its equivalent. Fundamentals of electromagnetism from an advanced perspective with emphasis on electromagnetic fields in vaccum with no bounding surfaces present. A thorough understanding of Maxwells equations and their application to a wide variety of phenomena. Maxwells equations (in vacuum) and the Lorentz force law - noncovariant form. Scalar and vector potentials, gauge transformations. Generalized functions (delta functions and their derivatives), point changes. Fourier transforms, longitutdinal ad transverse vector fields. Solution of Maxwells equations in unbounded space for electrostatics and magnetostatics with given charge and current sources. Special relativity, Loretnz transformations, 4-momentum, relativistic reactions. Index mechanics of Cartesian tensor notation. Covariatn formulation of Maxwells equations and the Lorentz force law, Lorentz transformation properties of E and B. Lagrangian density for the electromagnetic field, Langrangian density for the Proca field. Symmetries and conservation laws, Noethers theorem. Field conservation laws (energy, linear momentum, angular momentum, stress tensor). Monochromatic plane wave solutions of the time-dependent source-free Maxwell equations, elliptical polarization, partially-polarized electromagnetgic waves, Stokes parameters. Solution of the time-dependent Maxwell equations in unbounded space with given chare and current sources (retarded and advanced solutions). Properties of electromagnetic fields in the radiaion zone, angular distribution of radiated power, frequency distribution of radiated energy, radiation form periodic and non-periodic motions. Radiation from antennas and antenna arrays. Lienard-Wiechert fields, the relativistic form of the Larmor radiation forumla, synchrotron radiation, bremsstrahlung, undulator and wiggler radiation. Electric dipole and magnetic dipole radiation. Scattering of electromagnetic radiation, the differential scattering cross-section, low-energy and high-energy approximations, scattering from a random or periodic array of scatterers. Radiation reaction force, Feynman-Wheeler theoryy. The macroscopic Maxwell equations (spatial averaging to get P, M, D, H). Convolutions, linear materials (permittivity, permeability, and conductivity), causality, analytics continuation, Kramers-Kronig relations. Propagation of monochromatic plane waves in isotropic and non-isotropic linear materials, ordinary ad extraordinary waves. Cherenkov radiation, transition radiation.
In this course we will study financial market failures due to externalities, incomplete information and financial fragility and we will investigate the ways that a benevolent government might use regulation to improve matters. We will also consider theories about the behavior of regulators drawn from political and behavioral economics. We will examine the difficulties associated with designing financial regulation. We will analyze how regulatory failures contributed to the recent financial crises and discuss post-crises attempts at regulatory reform.
The development of quantitative risk management by the financial industry has gone hand-in-hand with that of quantitative approaches to financial regulation. The interactions between industry best practice and regulation have grown even closer since the global financial crisis, reflecting lessons learned (or not), the widening scope of regulation, and the now-central role of financial risk in the public policy agenda. This course introduces risk management principles in the context of public policy, presenting market, liquidity and credit risk measurement techniques employed by banks and other intermediaries, as well as their drawbacks and limitations. To help understand current approaches to risk management and regulation, the course studies financial market behavior in normal times and crises, the treatment of firms and debt in bankruptcy and how it differs for financial firms, the role of securitization in the financial system, and the roles of leverage and of market and funding liquidity in times of calm and distress.
Individualized, guided learning experiences at the graduate level in a selected area of concentration. The area of concentration selected should reflect both the role of the clinical specialist/nurse practitioner and the student's specific interests. Proposed work must be outlined prior to registration and agreed upon by both faculty and student.
This course introduces students to central questions and debates in the fields of African American Studies, and it explores the various interdisciplinary efforts to address them. The seminar is designed to provide an interdisciplinary foundation and familiarize students with a number of methodological approaches. Toward this end we will have a number of class visitors/guest lecturers drawn from members of IRAAS's Core and Affiliated Faculty.
An M.S. degree requirement. Students attend at least three Applied Mathematics research seminars within the Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics and submit reports on each.
This course explores the challenges of understanding the global world in which we live, a world that demands new conceptual approaches and ways of thinking. The objectives are: To examine multidisciplinary approaches to key global issues through readings, class discussions, and conversations with select CGT faculty members as guest speakers. This will take place through multi-week modules that center on a critical issue, asking students to familiarize themselves with key questions and context, engage with an expert on the topic, and apply their insights to a specific case or question. To develop a focused and feasible research project and hone the practices of scholarly data collection, analysis, and communication through workshops and assignments. This work begins in the fall and continues to completion in the spring semester of the seminar. The perspectives and skills developed in M.A. Seminar will support students in the development and completion of their thirty-five page M.A. essays, which they will present to each other and to CGT faculty at the Spring Symposium.
Eulerian and Lagrangian descriptions of motion. Stress and strain rate tensors, vorticity, integral and differential equations of mass, momentum, and energy conservation. Potential flow.
Policymaking—the process by which political actors make decisions on a range of policy issues—is strongly influenced by context. The political environment in which policymakers interact plays a central role in shaping agendas, strategies, and policy choices. To be successful, policy professionals must be able to navigate a complicated set of political institutions that can constrain the menu of policy options, engage with multiple actors and stakeholders, and become familiar with dynamically changing technological and media environments. This course will give students important background on the way in which political contexts shape policymaking around the world. Throughout the semester, we will discuss how issues such as state institutions, corruption, mis/disinformation campaigns, and public health influence politics around the globe. By the end of the course, students should have an appreciation for the diversity of issues that shape policymaking in a range of countries, and a better understanding of various pressing global policy issues. This course has two closely related components. The first will provide students with important conceptual foundations on the politics that drive policymaking in a range of contexts. The theoretical concepts and analytical tools we will cover draw heavily on quantitative social science research. There are several reasons for that. First, the policy issues discussed in class have inspired excellent academic research that has produced important findings for us to discuss. Second, becoming familiar with quantitative analysis will add an important skill to students' toolkit. Finally, and relatedly, this will allow us to discuss exciting developments in the frontiers in data science and public policy, and specifically, the way in which ‘big data’ is likely to shape policymaking in a range of policy areas in the future. The second component will teach students a set of policy tools that are relevant to policy analysis and policymaking. These are concrete skills that students can apply throughout their careers in non-profits, within government, and in the private sector. A centerpiece of these skills is policy memo writing, in which students will learn to conduct concise, evidence-based policy analysis that diagnoses a policy problem, evaluates potential solutions, and conducts analysis of the relevant political institutions and actors. In addition to the material covered in the lectures, students will also attend a w
This class will look at selected eras of theater with an emphasis on performance.
Debye screening. Motion of charged particles in space- and time-varying electromagnetic fields. Two-fluid description of plasmas. Linear electrostatic and electromagnetic waves in unmagnetized and magnetized plasmas. The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model, including MHD equilibrium, stability, and MHD waves in simple geometries.