When externalities go uncorrected, and public goods go undersupplied, the reason is not that the market fails; the reason is that governments are unable or unwilling to intervene effectively. The biggest problem is with transnational externalities and regional and global public goods. This is partly because of the scale of these problems, but it is also because the institutional arrangements at this level make effective intervention difficult. There is no World Government. Instead, there are around 200 sovereign states. To support sustainable development globally, states must cooperate, and yet states' self-interests often conflict with their collective interests. This is why all countries agree that collective action must be taken to limit climate change, and yet, though they try and try again, countries seem unable to muster the individual action needed to meet their own collective goal. The aim of this course is to develop an apparatus for understanding international collective action for sustainable development. By an apparatus, I mean a theory, a structured way of looking at and understanding the world. Rather than just present the theory, my aim is to show you why theory is needed, how it has been constructed, and what its strengths and weaknesses are. Basically, in addition to teaching you principles and tools, I want you to come to see how this field has developed, what it has achieved, and where it has fallen short. Throughout the course, we shall also be looking at tests and applications of the theory-empirical and experimental papers in addition to case studies. The course draws from a number of disciplines, especially economics, game theory (analytical and experimental), and international relations-but also international law, philosophy, history, the natural and physical sciences, and engineering. The focus will be on institutions, and the way that they restructure the relations among states to cause states to behave differently-that is, to cause them to undertake collective action. In terms of applications, the course will address not only climate change but also depletion of the ozone layer, trans-boundary air pollution, pollution of the oceans, over-fishing, biodiversity loss, and the emergence and spread of infectious diseases.
All graduate students are required to attend the departmental colloquium as long as they are in residence. Advanced doctoral students may be excused after three years of residence. No degree credit is granted.
This 14-week workshop designed for the students in the PhD program in Sustainable Development covers the fundamental theory and techniques of causal inference. Specifically tailored to students trained in econometrics and positioned to conduct interdisciplinary research, it systematically ties back the econometrics approaches covered to the underlying statistical framework and provides the students with the tools to conduct rigorous empirical analyses, and share and defend their approach in front of both economics and non-economics audiences. Lower-year students learn the fundamental methods for observational studies, upper-year students discuss how they employ them in their own current research. Participants are presented with the most common methods in the field, their limitations, and best practices, and introduced to underused statistical methods for causal inference.
This course is intended to provide a strong foundation in the concepts of genetics and clinical applicability of genomic concepts commonly seen in advance practice nurses’ clinical practice. Both classical Mendelian and molecular genetics will be examined, in order to provide a knowledge base that will enable the advanced practice nurse to integrate genetic and genomic knowledge into clinical practice. Using a case discussion approach, clinical issues of genetics testing, genetic exceptionalism, individualized risk assessments and predictions are explored throughout their life span.
Critical Thinking and Analysis in Environmental Health Sciences is a culminating experience for EHS students in which they will synthesize the knowledge and experiences they have gained in their MPH core, department specialization and certificate coursework. The primary objective of this course is to enable students to critically examine and analyze a body of scientific knowledge and to effectively communicate such knowledge to lay and scientific audiences. An interactive, highly participatory experience, it typically focuses, in depth, on one or two topics within the field of Environmental Health Science that are of current national and international interest and represent a major human public health concern. The Capstone course will reinforce fundamental concepts acquired through prior departmental and certificate based coursework related to the underlying scientific basis of human health concerns arising from environmental exposure. The pedagogical approach of this course will utilize a combination of outside reading, didactic instruction, engaging class discussion and team-based learning. Students will be required to critically evaluate current knowledge and present, both orally and in writing, the broad outlines and specific aims of a research proposal to address critical gaps in understanding. At the completion of this course, students are expected to be able to critically evaluate and assess scientific evidence as well as successfully conceptualize, create and defend a research proposal. The ability to communicate research concepts and clear, cogent and well thought out research proposals, either orally and written, are essential for many students preparing entry into the workforce, whether in government service, profit or non-profit corporations, academia, scientific research, policy and planning, administration or regulatory affairs. Graduating EHS MPH students are expected to have considerable facility in public speaking skills, interpretation of scientific literature, critical thinking and analysis of published research findings. Each semester, in consultation with the class, a relevant and timely topic is selected to examine in depth. Creation of a NIEHS-style grant application concerning a previously unaddressed topic is an important component of this class.
Departmental colloquium in probability theory.
A colloquiim in applied probability and risk.
A colloquium on topics in mathematical finance
Departments permission.
This is a course designed for first- and second-year graduate students who are interested in the issue of community formation, lineage, genealogy, transmission, and translation, whether textual or cultural. Course texts will be a combination of theoretical interventions and case studies drawn from major religious traditions. The learning goals of the course are the following: (1) to introduce seminal interpretive and/or methodological issues in the contemporary study of transmission; (2) to read several theoretical “classics” in the field, to provide a foundation for further reading; (3) to sample, where possible, new writing in the field; and (4) to encourage students to think of ways in which the several issues and authors surveyed might provide models for their own ongoing research work.
This course will focus on one topic in philosophy.
This course is designed for graduate students in need of introduction to non-Buddhist as well as Buddhist sources for the study of pre-modern Chinese religion. The course may be repeated for credit.
Prerequisites
: Knowledge of a Sinitic language (Chinese, Korean, Japanese or Vietnamese).
The Master's Thesis is one of the options for a capstone requirement of all students in all tracks of the MPH program of the Department of Environmental Health Sciences (EHS). The thesis is intended to reflect the training you have received in the MPH program and demonstrate your ability to design, analyze, research and present scholarly writing relevant to your major field of interest.
Writing the thesis is an essential experience that could further your career development and or an application for further studies in academia. Employers seek in potential employees with a MPH degree the ability to write articles and reports, and want to see evidence that you can design studies, analyze data, and write scientific papers. If you plan to continue your academic studies, developing expertise and demonstrating your ability as a writer are two important skills required of doctoral candidates. A well-written paper is a great asset that you can bring with you to a job interview or include in an application for further study. The thesis ought to demonstrate your ability to think clearly and convey your thoughts effectively and thereby provide an example of your understanding and insight into a substantive area in which you have developed expertise.
The Master's Essay is one of the two options the Department of Environmental Health Sciences (EHS) offers to satisfy the capstone requirement for students in all tracks of the MPH program. The Essay is intended to reflect the training students received in the MPH program and demonstrate their ability to design, analyze, research and present scholarly writing relevant to his or her major field of interest.
Writing the Essay is an essential experience that could further the career development and or provide a jumping off point for students interested in further academic studies. Employers often seek employees with a MPH degree that have the ability to write articles and reports, and want to see evidence that they can design studies, analyze data, and write scientific papers. For students who plan to continue their academic studies, expanding expertise and demonstrating abilities as a writer are critical skills required of doctoral candidates. A well-written Essay is a great asset that a candidate can bring to a job interview or include in an application for graduate study. The Essay ought to demonstrate one's ability to think clearly and convey his or her thoughts effectively; thereby provide an example of one's understanding and insight into a substantive area in which he or she has developed expertise.
Journal Club is a one credit course that meets once weekly and is designed to keep doctoral students (PhD and DrPH) abreast of current developments in specific areas of interest to Environmental Health Sciences. Each semester, in consultation with the class, a new topic is selected to examine in depth utilizing critical analysis of recent publications. Students are each expected to present an article to the class and to provide critical thinking and evaluation of research findings and the authors’ conclusions. In preparation for entry into the public health workforce, whether in government service, profit or non-profit corporations, academia, scientific research, policy and planning, administration or regulatory affairs, the students are expected to improve their skills in public speaking, reading of scientific literature, critical thinking and analysis of published research findings. Vigorous discussion among the class is expected each week.
This one year palliative and end of life care clinical fellowship will provide the post-clinical DNP graduate with a comprehensive experience in clinical practice across sites. Fellows will rotate through inpatient, long term, community and home care settings where the focus will be pain and symptom management, quality of life, and bereavement care. A multidisciplinary team under the direction of CUSON faculty will integrate education, research, and innovative clinical programs into the delivery of palliative and end of life care for adult patients and their families. Fellows must commit to a minimum of two days per week in the clinical setting and classroom.
This course builds upon foundational GIS and spatial analysis concepts and skills built in the introductory GIS course through the application of advanced spatial statistical modeling procedures. Students in the course will learn how it integrate GIS with statistical programming tools as a way to extend the utility of the GIS beyond a tool for mapping. Topics covered include 1) Graphical and quantitative description of spatial data, 2) Kriging, block kriging and cokriging, 3) Common variogram models, 4) Spatial autoregressive models, estimation and testing, 5) Spatial non-stationarity and associated modeling procedures and 6) Spatial sampling procedures. Students will complete a series of in-class labs and develop a final research project from these labs or an independent project.
This course is designed to provide the student with the knowledge and skills necessary to serve as a member and lead interdisciplinary groups in organizational assessment to identify systems issues and facilitate organization-wide changes in practice delivery utilizing quality improvement strategies. Course content focusses on understanding systems concepts and thinking to achieve results in complex health care delivery systems. Frameworks, approaches, and tools that foster critical thinking are examined as mechanisms to formulate vital questions, gather and assess relevant information, develop well-reasoned conclusions, test conclusions against relevant standards, compare conclusions with alternative systems of thought, and communicate effectively throughout the process.
How can epidemiologic methods be used to address challenges in substance use research and ultimately reduce the health burden related to substance use? Populations that are disproportionately affected by substance use and related health outcomes are often systematically excluded from large study samples. We must examine existing evidence and gaps in epidemiologic research in order to expand our understanding of substance use across communities.
This course will explore methodological challenges that arise in the study of substance use, substance use disorder, and related health outcomes across populations. Lectures will include both substantive and methodological components. Substantive topics of focus include social determinants of health, harm reduction, stigma, overdose prevention, and substance use treatment. A range of populations will be examined across the life course, including people who are involved in the criminal justice system, pregnant women, and sexual minorities. Methodological challenges will be presented in two units. The first unit will discuss epidemiologic issues related to internal and external validity, confounding, information bias, and selection bias in substance use research. The second unit will present analytic approaches to address specific methodological challenges, such as clustering of observations or comparing unbalanced populations. Learners will be able to describe and critique research studies that target the individual, social and/or structural levels that influence substance use across communities. They will also critically examine how substance use research findings are presented in the media. Participation in class discussion, experiential learning activities, and a final project will be used to evaluate progress towards learning objectives.
All candidates for the M.P.H. and the M.S. degrees in epidemiology are required to write a master's thesis, usually based on an original analysis of previously collected epidemiologically relevant data. Students are responsible, with assistance from faculty, for finding a dataset and two readers, one of whom must be a faculty member in the Department of Epidemiology. Students register for P9419 at least two semesters before the targeted graduation date and it is required that students obtain access to a dataset they will use for their thesis prior to the course. The course guides students through development of the master’s thesis proposal by reviewing critical elements in writing each element of a thesis, development of a study question, writing specific aims, study design and analysis.
This is the second course in a two-course series P9419-P9420 required of all candidates for the M.P.H. and M.S. in epidemiology. This course focuses on the Statistical Analysis, Results and Discussion sections of students' master's theses. Students will work closely with their first and second readers during the semester, but course instructors and teaching assistants will provide guidance on the selection and conduct of statistical analyses, and on transforming their thesis into a format appropriate for submission for publication.
This course will introduce students to the theoretical and practical aspects of applying a “causal roadmap” to research questions in epidemiology using both single timepoint and longitudinal data. A causal roadmap approach to empirical investigation is intended to strengthen transparency and clarity in the research process and typically consists of several steps including: 1) formulating a research question, 2) translating it into a causal quantity, 3) listing the assumptions required to identify this causal quantity from the data, 4) choosing an estimation approach, and 5) doing the analysis. We will learn single timepoint and longitudinal g-computation/ standardization, inverse-probability-of-treatment weighting (IPTW), and doubly robust estimation approaches (e.g., targeted minimum loss-based estimation (TMLE)). The final class will include integrating machine learning into the estimation approach. Each module will include hands-on exercises in R in which we will apply the estimation approaches to data. Data for each analysis exercise will be provided by the instructor. For the final project, students can choose to use data provided by the instructor or data for which they already have access.
This course provides instruction in the preparation of grant applications for the National Institute of Health (NIH) or other granting agencies, with a special emphasis on F31 and R36 grant applications. Students will participate in instructional lectures, learning the foundations of grant writing and how to craft the specific sections of an NIH-style proposal, and discussions. This course is intended for all PhD students in Epidemiology, as it helps them with grant application experience This course is also intended to provide a forum for 2nd year PhD students to begin to formulate and develop a research question that becomes the basis for their Foundation Essay, dissertation, and a proposal they can submit for NIH funding.
Primarily for fellows in the Psychiatric Epidemiology Training Program. Presentation and discussion of ongoing faculty and fellow research, plus guest speakers. Designed to provide constructive criticism of research in progress and to make fellows aware of current issues in psychiatric epidemiology.
The focus of this class will be on providing students with the knowledge, experience, and resources needed to select and apply advanced epidemiologic techniques. Core techniques have been selected based on their current and potential future use in the field of epidemiology.The course will be organized into four modules, each organized around a specific technique in relation to available alternatives for (1) working with missing data, (2) tackling non-linear trends, (3) placing non-independent observations in context, and (4) strengthening causal inference from observational data. This course is limited to Epi doctoral students only.
Independent research with individual faculty. Tailored to the particular interests and needs of the individual student. May include literature review, research projects, or other special studies that enrich the student’s program.
Neurological disease epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of these diseases in human populations; it poses a set of novel challenges given the complex nature of the underlying organ. What are these challenges and what issues set this branch of epidemiology apart from others? The purpose of this class is to introduce students to the core principles of neuroepidemiology. The class will be strongly grounded in clinical neurology. Highlighted are a number of diverse disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, cerebrovascular disease, Parkinson's disease, essential tremor and epilepsy, many of which are exclusive to humans. The epidemiology of these disorders will be the focus of a series of lectures. During the semester, we will also explore disease clusters, socio-medical aspects of these diseases, and interventional studies that attempt to alter their course.
This elective course in the Department of Epidemiology is intended for MS and MPH students. In the past, we have had a mixed audience of graduate students in epidemiology and other departments in the Mailman School of Public Health as well as medical students and physicians who are pursuing epidemiological training. This blend of students leads to a rich and varied discussion. Our overarching goal is to open a world for students, expose them to a new body of knowledge, and get them to think about a series of thorny epidemiological issues. More specifically, students will gain a thorough understanding of the normal and abnormal workings of the brain and be able to identify and explain how the clinical expression of the latter creates an interesting and often distinctive set of challenges for epidemiologists as they attempt to screen for, diagnose and study the determinants of these uniquely human diseases.
This course is organized as a writing seminar/workshop focused on practical writing and oral presentation skills. Students will identify for themselves an empirically-based manuscript or in-depth literature review on which they will work throughout the semester. Specific portions of the writing project will be completed on a regular basis and will be reviewed and critiqued by fellow students and the instructor. Students also will write a draft Specific Aims for a research proposal related to their manuscript topic and make an oral presentation based on the manuscript. Didactic presentations and discussions will focus on the structure of manuscripts, presentations, and grants; writing and presentation challenges and strategies to address them; and other aspects of manuscript preparation (e.g., choosing a journal). Limited to 1st year Epi Doctoral students.
This course is designed as an advanced seminar/workshop for 2nd year master’s students in epidemiology who are seeking to strengthen their critical thinking skills and hone their abilities to effectively communicate public health content to varied audiences, for varied purposes, through scientific writing and oral communication. This course will provide practical experiences that reinforce core epidemiology skills, including data interpretation, data synthesis, and critical analysis of epidemiologic research, with an emphasis on logic and reasoning, scientific argumentation, and effective communication. By the end of the course, students will be able to develop well-reasoned arguments that can be supported by existing epidemiology evidence, synthesize extant epidemiologic literature and draw conclusions about current gaps in knowledge and/or barriers to advancing the field, and design presentations and visuals aids for disseminating public health content to specific audiences. Didactic lectures/presentations and course discussions will focus on identifying and appropriately citing scientific sources; making logical scientific arguments; effective argumentation; effective writing and oral presentation skills development/enhancement; identifying challenges to effective written and oral communication and strategies to address them; skills development in the peer-review process, and tailoring scientific presentations to various types of audiences and for various purposes. Students will be required to actively participate in course activities (online and in-person) and will be evaluated on the progress made on a semester's long project (on their topic of choice), which will culminate in a portfolio of deliverables.
Doctoral candidates are required to make an original investigation of a problem in biomedical engineering, the results of which are presented in the dissertation.