See CLS Curriculum Guide
                                
                                APORETICS: Paintings without Painters and Painters without Paintings
  
This seminar will be organized around aporias. Starting with Plato's 
Meno
, aporia is used to describe a state of numbed confusion, exposing a gap in knowledge that can be leveraged to temporarily undermine certainty. Optimally, aporia is not merely confusion or resignation in the face of contradiction, but a state of affairs that makes a demand on us. These double binds, paradoxes, impasses, and blind spots will be our guides through a history of painting and treated as a lens to explore the contemporary desire to unknow what painting was or to ask what types of experience it attends to. Making painting impossible again, at least for our seminar, might be the only way for painting to pose questions of its more recent triumphalist mode, which seems to celebrate all that it knows of itself while potentially overworking its painters.
  
Readings from philosophy, art history, artists' writings, and critical theory will be worked through over the course of the seminar along with presentations on individual artists. 
  
“…an aesthetic of aporias, the property of this painting being to deliver everything at once, as if by syllepsis, the one and its other, the rule and its exception, the law and that which breaks it, all the way to the dissolution of the institutional apparatus which frames and produces it.”  - Jean Clay, Martin Barre’s Dispositif: the Encrusted Eye.
                                
                            
Prerequisite: registration as a nutrition degree candidate or instructors permission. Discussion of pathology, symptomatology, and clinical manifestations with case presentations when possible. Laboratory assessments of each condition. Principles of nutritional intervention for therapy and prevention.
Topics of linear and non-linear partial differential equations of second order, with particular emphasis to Elliptic and Parabolic equations and modern approaches.
This course introduces students to persons of color whose impact on public health have largely been left out of US history. From African American physicians whose work has gone unnoticed to policy makers whose legacy has yet to be written, this course will review unsung heroes, their impact, the discrimination and structural racism they faced, and the work they left behind. Students will also engage in oral history projects highlighting the works of these policymakers.
                                
                                Courses on public opinion and political behavior (including the GR8210 seminar taught by Professor Shapiro) ordinarily move briskly through a wide array of topics having to do with how American tend to think and act. This class has a narrower scope but tries to delve more deeply into the literature.  We focus on four topics that are arguably crucial understanding contemporary American politics (and perhaps the politics of other times and places). 
  
  
The first topic addresses what might be thought of as the legacies of slavery: prejudice, resentment, racial/ethnic group identification, issue preferences on topics that are directly or indirectly connected to race/ethnicity, and group differences in political behavior. 
  
The second topic considers the literature on partisanship and polarization, as well as related topics on “macropartisan” change and party realignment.  What are the causes of micro- and macropartisan change, and what are its consequences? 
  
The third topic is support for democratic norms, civil liberties, and respect for the rights of unpopular groups.  How deeply committed are Americans to democratic values and constitutional rights?  
  
The fourth topic is the influence of media on public opinion, a vast topic that includes the effects of advertising, news, social media, narrative entertainment, and so forth. 
 
  
Although we will be focusing on just four broad topics, time constraints nevertheless prevent us from covering more than a fraction of each scholarly literature.  Students are encouraged to read beyond the syllabus, and I am happy to offer suggestions.
                                
                            
Climate change is the world’s most perfect public policy problem: it’s more global, more long-term, more uncertain, and more irreversible than most others. It stands alone in the combination of all four. That also turns it into the world’s most perfect global externality problem: the benefits of fossil-fuel use are internalized, the costs largely externalized. And while misguided market forces are the root cause of climate change, guiding them in the right direction is fundamental to the solution. In this course we explore the fast-changing global climate policy landscape shaping business. We explore the economic principles at work, analyze individual corporate and finance efforts to lead, dive into the regulatory environments around the world, and look to how the clean-energy race creates unique challenges and opportunities.
                                
                                Digital health is the use of any and all digital resources to improve health by making it safer, more efficient, maximize outcomes and lower costs. It is transforming the delivery of healthcare and behaviors of all health sectors.  The size and scope are fast growing and difficult to define at this point in its history. The Covid-19 pandemic has magnified the importance and uses of digital health.
  
 
  
This course provides an overview of digital healthcare in the US, focusing on how and why digital health is revolutionizing healthcare for providers, patients and payors.  Students will be equipped with the vocabulary, concepts and tools to understand the dynamic aspects of digital healthcare in today's environment, including its definition, its role in improving patient outcomes, provider satisfaction, reduction in costs and why this is accelerating. Students are encouraged to take the perspective of the executive and policy-maker in class discussions.  In addition, the course surveys current digital tools and investment strategies in digital health.
                                
                            
Integrated individual-level health claim, biometric and risk data have many business uses across insurance, consulting, disease management, engagement and other digital healthcare organizations. The purpose of this course is to provide training to meet the data analytical job demands of these organizations with practical, hands-on experience exploring real corporate longitudinal data.
The Course introduces students to the fundamentals of case competitions and prepares them to compete in select case competitions over the course of the year. Case competitions afford students the opportunity to apply classroom learning to dynamic health care organizational and industry problems. The Course covers topics ranging from the framework for breaking down cases to common analytical techniques and presentation skills. We will build the foundational skills for students to prepare and deliver comprehensive, professional analyses in competitive settings.
                                
                                This course examines the underlying economics of successful business strategy: the strategic imperatives of competitive markets, the sources and dynamics of competitive advantage, managing competitive interactions, and the organizational implementation of business strategy.
The course combines case discussion and analysis (approximately two thirds) with lectures (one third).  The emphasis is on the ability to apply a small number of principles effectively and creatively, not the mastery of detailed aspects of the theory.  The course offers excellent background for all consultants, managers and corporate finance generalists.
                                
                            
This two-semester course demonstrates that it is both possible and useful to think about public policy rigorously: to examine underlying assumptions; to understand how formal models operate; to question vagueness and clichés; and to make sophisticated ethical arguments. An important goal of the class is to have students work in groups as they apply microeconomic concepts to current public policy issues having to do with urban environmental and earth systems. The course includes problem sets designed to teach core concepts and their application. In the spring semester, the emphasis is on the application of concepts to analyze contemporary policy problems. Some time is also devoted to international trade and regulation, and industrial organization issues. Students not only learn microeconomic concepts, but also how to explain them to decision-makers. Student groups take on specific earth system policy issues, analyze options through the use of microeconomic concepts, and then make oral presentations to the class.
                                
                                The events over year and a half have brought a renewed focus and an increased sense of urgency to recognize and address inequality in our society and institutions. These events have challenged organizational leaders to respond with comprehensive strategies to promote equity and embed racial and social justice within their organizational domains of influence. To achieve this and advance equity, an intentional and dedicated focus that recognizes the harmful effects of systemic inequities is required.
  
Historically in healthcare, structural inequities have resulted in disproportionately poor outcomes for marginalized groups in our society.  The intersections of race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender identity gender expression, language, disability, religion and other characteristics further identifies disadvantages and poor outcomes for marginalized groups—notably those with less access to power and resources. Additionally, false notions of racial superiority, white supremacy culture, and explicit or implicit biases contribute to disparities in patient outcomes among people of color and other socially marginalized groups.
  
This course will explore how leaders are able to effectively advance health equity by dismantling systems of oppression and racism in health care. The focus will be to examine leadership imperatives to establish a collaborative consciousness to instill and promote just policies and practices. To this end, the course will require students to develop an understanding of self-identity and an awareness of how one’s individual actions impact interactions between colleagues, team members and others. The course will provide strategies for effective leaders to establish a foundation to advance diversity management, promote equity and establish inclusion best practices within organizations.  In particular, the emphasis will be on leadership accountability to initiate conversations and set forth strategic actions to sustain organizational change.
                                
                            
                                
                                One of the lessons learned during COVID is the importance of clear communications. Effective public health communications saves lives; bad communications creates fear, uncertainty and worse. Good communications can also make better health policy and expand budgets, saving even more lives. 
  
 
  
But too often, senior executives in the public, private or non-profit sector expect that their good works alone are sufficient to gain the support of others, maintain funding, or advance a critical policy agenda.  Unfortunately, it isn’t so.  In an age of media oversaturation, rapid technology advances that continually atomize people’s attention, and intense competition among interest groups for decisionmakers’ hearts, minds and budgets, successful health professionals must include issue advocacy and communications in their arsenal of weapons to keep their interests relevant and compelling, to move others to action, or to affect public policy. 
  
 
  
This course focuses on the practical aspects of issue advocacy and public health communications. It is designed to give the public health professional an introduction to issue advocacy and public health communications, and an understanding of the critical components of developing and implementing such campaigns.
                                
                            
Recent years have seen closer integration of countries around the world, with increased flows of goods and services, capital and knowledge. There are two alternative views concerning globalization: one, reflected in the protest marches from Seattle to Genoa, argues that globalization has hurt the poor, has been bad for the environment and is governed by undemocratic institutions operating behind closed doors, advancing corporate and financial interests of the more developed countries. The other argues that globalization is the only means by which developing countries will be able to grow and eradicate poverty. This course tries to enhance understanding of these alternative perspectives. It analyzes the underlying forces that have led to globalization and identifies its effects, particularly in developing countries and when and why it has had the adverse effects that its critics claim and when and why it has had the positive effects that its proponents argue for. It also examines the need for international collective action, discusses the structure and conduct of international economic organizations and assesses the extent to which they are to be blamed for the failures of globalization or should take credit for its successes. The course ends with a discussion of alternative reforms of the global economic architecture."
This is the first of four didactic courses that discuss techniques for anesthetic administration and related technologies in the context of various surgical and diagnostic interventions in diverse anesthetizing locations. Focus is assessment and management of monitoring modalities and other techniques in the perioperative environment. Cultural humility will be incorporated into care plans to develop anesthetic management individualized to patient identities and cultures while including an emphasis on social and cultural health disparities.
This lab is the first of three lab/simulation courses. Focus is placed upon essential technology and procedures utilized in the management of the patient during the preoperative, intraoperative, and the postoperative period. The course activities promote a synthesis of lecture content obtained in Principles & Practice of Nurse Anesthesia I course. Lab/simulation experiences will develop the psychomotor skills and critical thinking inherent to the practice of nurse anesthesia. Specific procedural skills must be safely demonstrated. Cultural humility will be incorporated into care plans and simulations to develop anesthetic management individualized to patient identities and cultures while including an emphasis on social and cultural health disparities.
Individual projects in composition.
Climate risk is real. It is costly to the economy, society, and the world, as evidenced by high and ever-increasing Social Cost of Carbon (SCC) estimates. Most businesses and corporations, meanwhile, experience climate risk mostly indirectly, via policy, technology, and market risks. This class focuses on climate risks head on, exploring to which extent they also pose direct financial risks to business now and in the near future. Along the way, we will answer a number of questions, such as: If climate change is so costly, why does it not show up (more) in asset prices? If climate pollution is so bad, why is polluting so profitable? We will also dive into questions around insurability of physical assets like real estate, stress testing of financial assets, and corporate scenario planning. Lastly, we will discuss risk as opportunity for those relatively better able to take advantage of risks and uncertainties.
                                
                                This course is designed to equip healthcare management, public health and policy graduate students with
 the knowledge and skills necessary to integrate artificial intelligence (AI) into healthcare settings. The
 course covers the fundamentals of AI, its applications in healthcare, ethical considerations, and strategic
 implementation. By the end of the course, students will be able to identify opportunities for AI deployment,
 manage AI projects, and evaluate their impact on healthcare operations and/or patient outcomes.
                                
                            
This is the fourth didactic course that discusses the various methods and techniques of anesthesia administration with an emphasis on the physiological basis for practice. Alterations in homeostatic mechanisms and advanced anesthetic management throughout the perioperative continuum of patients undergoing advanced, complex surgeries and procedures are emphasized. Cultural humility will be incorporated into care plans to develop anesthetic management individualized to patient identities and cultures while including an emphasis on social and cultural health disparities.
                                
                                Open to all SIPA with pre-req or concurrent-req: Macroeconomics. 
This course aims to provide a well-rounded understanding of financial development over time and across countries, with an emphasis on public policy. Topics include a review of the foundations and processes of financial development; the roles of markets, instruments, and institutions; issues related to systemic financial stability; links to financial repression and globalization; and the developmental and oversight roles of the state. Financial activities arise in response to the interplay of a few easily identifiable frictions and related market failures, operating within an evolving institutional environment and uncertain macroeconomic context. Finance has both a bright side (welfare-enhancing financial development) and a dark side (financial instability and potential excess finance).
  
This conceptualization of financial development is supported by a review of the fundamental foundations of finance through simple modeling exercises, statistical illustrations of financial trends, and references to specific country experiences, many drawn from the work of IMF or World Bank financial sector-related missions.
  
Recitation slots will be used for guest lectures on frontier issues or for instructor-led discussions. These sessions may cover some of the analytical underpinnings for subsequent lectures, explore the policy implications of recent topics, or actively debate themes of special interest to students.
                                
                            
The course is intended to help students understand the role that financial markets and monetary policy play in the global economic environment that they will have to face in the future. It also provides an understanding of the underlying institutions, both political and economic, that either make financial markets work well or that interfere with the efficient performance of these markets. The course develops a series of applications of principles from finance and economics that explore the connection between financial markets and the macro economy. In addition, given the instructor’s prior position as a governor of the Federal Reserve, the class also provides an inside view on how the most important players in financial markets, central banks, operate and how monetary policy is conducted. The course will have a strong international orientation by examining monetary policy and financial crises in many countries and possible reforms of the international financial system. We will also focus on current events reported in the financial press with an extensive and open-ended discussion of 20-30 30 minutes in every class in which we will use the analytic frameworks developed in class to help us to understand these developments.
                                
                                Technological innovation has been transforming the financial services industry, and further disruption is almost a certainty. Financial Technology (“FinTech”) start-ups are tackling many realms of consumer financial services, including mobile payments, foreign exchange, marketplace (peer-to-peer) lending, saving and investing, financial advice (robo-advisers), and property-casualty, health and life insurance.  
The goal of this course is to understand the economic and technological forces driving this change and to learn how to harness them in a responsible way. The curriculum is organized by product areas within consumer financial services, and for each area we’ll cover the underlying economics, the technology, the public policy issues, the competition, and the potential for collaboration between start-ups and the incumbents. Note that we will not cover in depth the topics of cryptocurrencies and blockchain - if these are your primary interests, there are other courses offered focusing specifically on these topics.
A key component of the course is a collaborative team student project: each team will propose and develop a prototype for a new fintech venture. At the end of the semester each team will present its project to the class, and a guest from an NYC venture capital firm will join us and provide feedback.
                                
                            
Are Google search practices anticompetitive? Should Facebook be broken up? Does Amazon have too much market power? The course will present the economic rationale for competition policy and provide students with an understanding of the practice of competition law. Through the examination of prominent antitrust actions, we will review the economic theories underlying competition law and we will discuss how competition policy places limits on firm behavior and affects firm strategies and managerial choices. The course will start with an overview of the institutional framework of competition policy in the U.S. and in the E.U. and an economic analysis of welfare implications of market power. Then, it will address different types of actions that are the focus of competition policy enforcement: mergers, collusions, and unilateral conducts. These actions will be analyzed through the study of well-known antitrust actions in the U.S. and in the E.U. In particular, the course will focus on recent cases in the digital economy.
The purpose of the course is to help students understand, predict, adapt to and shape the evolving world of political economy from the various vantages they will hold during their careers. Part One examines the foundations of modern political economy laid by the grand masters Smith, Marx, Keynes and Schumpeter. Part Two examines development in American political economy during the 20th century. Part Three examines whether events so far in the 21st century signal sea changes in American and international political economy.
It used to be common to speak of the "high-tech sector" of the economy, but increasingly information technology is transforming how almost every market works: finance has been transformed by algorithmic trading and bitcoin, ridesharing is changing the nature of public transportation, Amazon is revolutionizing logistics and Airbnb is now the most valuable accommodation provider in the world. This transformation, which has been led by a series of start-ups and newly-dominant technology companies, inherently combines technical and economic aspects, as entrepreneurs take advantage of the potential of technology to facilitate exchanges that were previously infeasible.
                                
                                This course provides a primer on analyzing investment grade corporate bonds. It takes an investor perspective (to evaluate / quantify risk-reward across various IG corporate industries and companies) and a management perspective (to identify optimal capital structure/credit ratings). The course incorporates guest speakers from various functionalities on the buy side (portfolio managers, analysts, and traders), the sell side (underwriters, sales/trading/research), and the management side (treasurers). It will include an overview of “crossover” corporate bonds (falling angels/rising stars), LBO targets, ESG instruments such as green bonds and sustainability-linked bonds, and “corporate-adjacent” bonds (ABS, CMBS, munis). Students will gain exposure to both top-down and bottom-up approaches to IG corporate
 bond research and analysis.
                                
                            
                                
                                As human populations continue to expand, concurrent increases in energy and food will be required. Consequently, fossil fuel burning and deforestation will continue to be human-derived sources of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). The current annual rate of CO2 increase (~0.5%) is expected to continue with global atmospheric concentrations exceeding 600 parts per million (ppm) by the end of the current century. The increase in carbon dioxide, in turn, has ramifications for both climate change but also for plant biology. In this course, our focus will be on how CO2 and climate change alter plant biology and the subsequent consequences for human health.
  
Overall, the course will have three main components. We begin with an overview of interactions between the plant kingdom and human health, from food supply and nutrition to toxicology, contact dermatitis, aero-biology, inter alia. In the second section, we segue to an overview of rising CO2 and climate change, and how those impacts in turn, will influence all of the interactions related to plant biology and health with a merited focus on food security. Finally, for the remainder of the course, our emphasis will be on evaluating preventative strategies related to mitigation and adaptation to climate change impacts specific to potential transformations of plant biology’s traditional role in human society.
  
The course is appropriate for students who are interested in global climate change and who wish to expand their general knowledge as to likely outcomes related to plant biology, from food security to nutrition, from pollen allergens to ethnopharmacology.
                                
                            
Public health dimensions of climate change are of growing concern in both developing and developed countries. Climate-related health impacts may arise via heat waves, air pollution, airborne allergens, compromised ecological services, water- or vector-borne diseases, and shifts in agricultural productivity. Our ability to identify, understand, predict and ameliorate public health impacts of climate change will depend on how effectively we assimilate and synthesize information and tools from a range of disciplines, including atmospheric sciences, climate modeling, epidemiology, ecology, risk assessment, economics, and public policy. The overall objective of P8304, Public Health Impacts of Climate Change, is to lay a foundation for this cross-disciplinary perspective by engaging graduate students drawn from across the University in topical lectures, group exercises and discussions built around the emerging knowledge base on the public health dimensions of climate change.
Fossil fuel burning and deforestation will continue to be human-derived sources of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). This increase in CO2 and other infra-red trapping gases is of consequence to human health—but for two reasons. The first is one you are all familiar with—climatic change—and the consequences from heat to air pollution, from water quality to migration. The second reason is that CO2 is the source of carbon for plants—and hence for all living things. And that increase, of and by itself, will also impact human health—directly (allergic dermatitis) and indirectly (human nutrition, medicine). All living things will be affected. How they will be affected, the nature of the changes, and finally, the ways and means that we can begin to address the consequences with respect to human health are the core of this course. Ways and means will not only refer to academic or scientific approaches, but a focus on communication. How we can begin to explain the science and the consequences, the uncertainties and the likely outcomes in a way that will illicit change. During this course, students will become knowledgeable about the science of anthropogenic climate change and the consequences as they relate to public health. They will develop practical skills and tools to address impacts in their future careers, including an overview of mitigation and adaptation. The course is designed to not only provide an overview of climate and health, but to foster and develop a means of how to begin to address solutions at different societal levels. Further, this course is designed to nurture a mindset of inquiry and group learning--to communicate those evaluations simply and understandably to a lay audience. The course is appropriate for students who are interested in global climate change and who wish to expand their general knowledge as to causes, outcomes, response and concerns as they relate to public health.
This course provides students with a rigorous foundation in capital markets and investments, emphasizing asset valuation from an applied perspective. It covers valuation techniques for financial securities, essential to portfolio management and risk management applications. Key topics include arbitrage, the term structure of interest rates, portfolio theory, diversification, equilibrium asset pricing models such as the CAPM, market efficiency and inefficiencies, performance evaluation, analysis of common pooled investment vehicles, behavioral finance, and tax-aware investment strategies. Through interactive activities, case studies, and simulations utilizing real-world market data, students will acquire analytical skills and foundational knowledge required for advanced finance courses and practical roles within the investment industry
Formerly known as Advanced Corporate Finance develops the art and science of optimal strategic decision-making by applying corporate financial theory to cases of financial policy, financial instruments and valuation. In particular, the following topics are studied: cost of capital and capital budgeting, discounted cash flow valuation and financial multiples, payout policy, equity and debt financing, option pricing theory and applications, corporate control and recapitalizations. The classes are structured to maximize the synergy between theory and practice, providing students portable, durable and marketable tools for their internships and careers.
The course will describe the major players in Debt Capital Markets, key institutions, broad empirical regularities, and analytical tools that are used for pricing and risk management. Some parts of the course will be analytical while others will be largely institutional. Each session will be organized around one or two key topics. In addition, class notes will be used to supplement and clarify issues. Some selected papers will also be kept in Canvas to serve as background reading for class discussions.Outline of Key Topics:- Overview of Debt Securities: What are debt securities? What are their sources of risk and return? Historical performance of fixed income securities. - Major players and their functions: United States Treasury, Federal Reserve Banks, Primary Dealers, Inter-Dealer Brokers (IDB), Rating agencies, Sell-side and Buy-side institutions. - Bond mathematics: a) price and yield conventions, b) PVBP, Duration (modified, effective and key-rate), convexity, and negative convexity. Trading applications: spread trades, bullet vs barbell positions. - Term Structure Theory: Spot rates, forward rates, par yields, modeling interest rates and pricing bonds. - Structural models of default: Modeling credit risk, credit spreads and their behavior, Distance to default, forecasting rating changes, high-yield and investment-grade debt markets - Government, Agency and Corporate markets - Municipal markets - MBS: Structure of MBS markets, prepayments, Option Adjusted Spreads, Pass-through securities, REMICs, risk measures - Asset-backed markets - Derivatives: Treasury futures, Interest Rate Swaps, and Single-name credit default swaps - Clearinghouses vs exchanges vs OTC markets
                                
                                Successful investing in Equities Markets requires more than just picking stocks given the wide
 array of products at a portfolio manager's disposal. Through a combination of lectures, a case
 study and guest speakers, this course is intended to provide firsthand experience on how
 products like Options, Swaps, Futures, ETFs, and Structured Notes, and are structured, valued,
 and used. Although most of the course relates to Equities, there will be some content on
 Derivatives on other Asset Classes
                                
                            
Prerequisites: ECON G6411 and G6412. Students will make presentations of original research.
Lecture and in-class practice to help develop the skill to analyze experimental data and evaluate literature reports regarding toxicokinetic aspects of chemical exposure. Emphasis on the ability to solve real problems. Topics cover the concept of compartment, analysis of blood and urine data, absorption kinetics, multi- or noncompartment analysis, PBPK modeling and risk assessment, and factors affecting toxicokinetic parameters of environmental toxicants. Midterm exam and final presentation.
                                
                                In this class, students will be introduced to a variety of hybrid public/private equity investing strategies and situations, including (pre-IPO) crossover funds, tactical opportunity funds, SPACs, PIPEs, take-privates, and more. We will discuss the key similarities and differences between public and private investing, highlighting areas of synergy (and dis-synergy) in the investment process. Teaching methods will include an upfront review of hybrid investment frameworks, hands-on analysis of case studies and real-life situations, and insights from many guest speakers.
 
 Pre-Req: B8306 - Capital Markets & Investments
                                
                            
                                
                                “Our violence towards the Earth springs from, and is modeled on, our violence towards other human beings.” — Amitav Ghosh in conversation with Lucia Pietroiusti, Guggenheim Museum, February 5, 2022
  
Many contemporary artists are trying to find sustainable and equitable ways of operating in a global economy hellbent on growth no matter the cost, including extinction. If, as Earth inhabitants in the Anthropocene, we are all contributing to the current climate crisis, we can also be among the millions of solutions needed. In this class, we will expand our climate awareness and process our climate grief by learning lessons from non-human entities, Indigenous teachings and traditions, and current legal actions and grassroots activism against extractivism and the legacies of conquest, imperialism, and settler colonialism. In hopes for a more livable earth, Ben Okri’s concept of “existential creativity,” Amitav Ghosh’s call for a return to animist storytelling, Four Arrows’ goal for mainstream education to adopt Indigenous worldviews, and recent art that proposes the possibility of a regenerative future will be our guides.
  
A variety of media and content will be covered including the work of Gloria E. Anzaldúa, Artists Commit, Richard Bell, Octavia Butler, Rachel Carson, Meehan Crist, Ben Davis, Torkwase Dyson, Extinction Rebellion, Carolyn Finney, Fridays for Future, Dina Gilio-Whitaker, Amitav Ghosh, Linda Goode Bryant, The Harrison Studio, Katharine Hayhoe, Ayana Elizabeth Johnson, Yun Ko-eun, Bill McKibben, Gustav Metzger, Timothy Morton, Darcia Narvaez, The Natural History Museum, Ben Okri, Lucia Pietroiusti, Kim Stanley Robinson, Mary Robinson, Astra Taylor, Mierle Laderman Ukeles, Wahinkpe Topa (Four Arrows) aka Donald Trent Jacobs, Robin Wall Kimmerer, Elvia Wilk, Isabel Wilkerson, and Tyson Yunkaporta. Class guests and field trips will include artists and thinkers working on the precipice of climate education, action, healing, and justice.
                                
                            
In most business circumstances, managers and organizations take decisions that affect each other. We call such situations games." Game Theory provides a framework for analyzing and predicting behaviors and outcomes in situations of strategic interaction. The goal of this course is to provide students with the essential tools of game theory, and demonstrate their use by applying them to a variety business situations and cases."
Prerequisites: G6215 and G6216. Open-economy macroeconomics, computational methods for dynamic equilibrium analysis, and sources of business cycles.
As the course title implies, we will familiarize students with the tax principles that must be considered by corporate managers and their advisers with respect to transactions that result in a re-alignment of the corporations business activities or its capital structure. In most respects, the course will be taught from the perspective of the outside adviser engaged to provide guidance regarding a major corporate transaction or financing decision. The student will, once the course is completed, secure an ability to recognize common re-structuring/financing scenarios confronting management and be positioned to propose viable solutions to these problems in a manner that minimizes tax outlays, consistent with prudent and, above all, ethical business practice.The course features a final examination and a term paper; typically, but not necessarily, the paper is prepared on a group basis. The readings for the course consist, primarily, of Lehman Brothers Tax and Accounting" Research Reports and "The Willens Report" research pieces and articles from professional taxation journals as well as decided cases and I.R.S. pronouncements.We will supply all such reading materials on the first day of class."
                                
                                This essential course for EHS professionals introduces the student to the field of Industrial Hygiene and Safety Engineering and the application of their principles in the protection of workers and public.  EHS Managers, Researchers, Engineers and Consultants will all find the course of benefit.  It provides information on contaminants, hazardous work procedures, exposure monitoring, personal protective equipment, site testing and the equipment used to perform work which has the potential to expose workers above permissible levels.  The course curriculum integrates the training requirements for certification by OSHA necessary to conduct basic EHS field activities and allows the student to test for and obtain certification. The OSHA training certificate is an industry recognized continuing education certificate that is accepted by EHS employers.
Superfund sites, environmental investigations, and any other work operation requiring sampling or field research of toxic substances at uncontrolled sites is subject to compliance requirements under OSHA.  At the completion of the course the participant will be eligible to take an examination for certification under the OSHA 29 CFR 1910.120 standard as an “Occasional Site Worker.”  Successful completion of the exam and course will give the certificate holder the ability to access hazardous sites to conduct Environmental Health Investigations.
                                
                            
                                
                                Climate Tech refers to a broad range of technologies designed to mitigate the drivers and impacts of climate change. Development and commercialization of these technologies is essential if humanity is to maintain global prosperity while also avoiding catastrophic climate change. This immersion course provides students with the opportunity to work on a real-world technology to address climate change.
 
 Students will be placed in teams of four, composed of two CBS students and two SEAS engineering students. Student teams will be matched with venture capital funds actively financing climate tech that have identified an innovative technology for mitigating or adapting to climate change. Students will meet virtually with their assigned venture fund at the beginning of the course, during a mid-point check-in, and at the end of the course for the final presentation.
 
 Each team will be tasked with assessing their assigned technology on (i) technical viability, (ii) commercial opportunity, and (iii) impact on mitigating or adapting to climate change. The final course deliverables are a presentation to classmates, a presentation to each team’s assigned investment fund, and a written report or presentation deck for the investment fund. Students are also required to complete a reflections assignment at the conclusion of the course. During weeks 4 – 11 students will spend up to nine hours every week doing independent research, collaborating with the fund, and completing assignments.
 
 The purpose of this immersion course is for students to learn to work in teams across different skill sets and disciplines, combining expertise in business and engineering, with the objective of learning how to evaluate technology solutions to climate change. This course is designed to replicate the real-world experience in which collaborative teams use a multi-disciplinary approach to assess the opportunities, challenges, and impacts of new technology solutions to climate change.
                                
                            
The goal of this course is to give students a stronger theoretical foundation on data science and a provide them with a technical toolkit. This course will prepare students with skills they will need to undertake research that relies on strong quantitative and data science foundations and will help prepare students to excel in other Data Science-focused course offerings in the department of Biostatistics and Environmental Health Science (EHS). This course will build on the first half of P6360 Analysis of Environmental Health Data, which introduces coding in R and the basic framework for conducting EHS-related data analysis across EHS disciplines (e.g., toxicology, epidemiology, climate and health). This course will cover both conceptual and practical topics in data science as they relate to environmental health sciences. Each session will be divided into two parts. In the first hour of the class there will be a lecture. Following a brief 5-minute break, the last two hours of the class will be spent on a lab project where students will apply the methods they learned in the lecture.
This is the first of three consecutive courses focusing on utilizing a systems and developmental approach in primary care. This course will focus on the differential diagnosis and comprehensive care management of commonly encountered acute and chronic physical and mental health illnesses as they affect individuals across the lifespan. For each system studied, health assessment, diagnostic findings, and multi-modal management will be highlighted.
This course was designed to provide a foundation in major topics in Environmental Health, aimed at MPH students in EHS. The course explores fundamental principles of environmental health that are not provided in the other departmental required courses; Risk Assessment, Analysis of Environmental Health Science Data and Fundamentals of Toxicology. Lectures will expand on topics introduced in the Environmental Determinants of Health core course, as well as introducing additions topics deemed central to an MPH student in EHS. This will be team taught and use both didactic and case based approaches to learning. Students will also engage in scientific writing and critical analysis of research in topics relevant to environmental health sciences.
                                
                                The “Private Equity Lab” offers a distinctive experiential learning opportunity for students to engage directly with private equity firms on real-world projects. This course is a blend of academic instruction and hands-on experience, tailored for those looking to deepen their understanding of private equity (PE) through practical application. Partnering with PE firms identified through the Columbia Business School's (CBS) alumni network in the New York City area, this program supports students who work on specific research projects integral to the firms' current deals, portfolio management, or investment strategy. These projects are screened to be mission-crucial but not mission-critical for the firms. This ensures students will work on meaningful projects while protecting the partner firm’s performance.  The course thus facilitates a connection between a student and a PE firm with a self-contained research project that could benefit from the student’s skills.  
 The course aims to coordinate a collection of such projects that would otherwise be organized as “Field Study Projects” in independent studies and seeks to overcome the challenge of students sourcing these opportunities and identifying faculty advisors to mentor the project. Importantly, this is not an internship arrangement, and students are not paid (thus, the hours worked are capped at the usual amount of total expected class time).
                                
                            
This course explores foundational environmental health laboratory approaches and techniques that cannot be taught in a classroom setting. It provides the necessary hands-on lab experience to supplement theoretical and case-study examples taught in the classroom. Students are exposed to a wide variety of experimental approaches and techniques used in Environmental Health Sciences. Laboratory exercises are flexible and directed, in part, by students’ interests and expertise but may include DNA and/or RNA purification from various biological samples, forensic analysis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), epigenetic modification/DNA methylation studies, gel electrophoresis, ELISA, heavy metal analysis by MS-ICP, cell culture analysis of potential neurotoxins, radiochemistry, Western blotting, microbial contamination, and others. Students will be expected to read relevant foundational manuscripts and relevant methods papers, as well as keep an accurate and detailed laboratory notebook with their experimental notes, findings and subsequent data analysis. Students will demonstrate knowledge of the material with either written or oral final exam presentations.
This course applies financial theory to the issues and problems of asset management. In order to understand these issues, we must start with the specific goals, characteristics, and considerations of the asset owner. Asset owners may be individuals (e.g. personal wealth), collective owners (e.g. families or pension funds), charitable endowments and foundations (e.g. Columbia University), corporations, and nations (e.g. sovereign wealth funds). We characterize the properties of asset returns and the nature of various investment strategies to assess how asset management can meet the specific investment goals of asset owners. Asset owners usually delegate management of their portfolios to financial intermediaries, which may invest across a broad array of assets or specialize in a certain investment style or asset class. The delegated nature of investments necessitates understanding the principal-agent issues and market frictions associated with each type of asset class.
                                
                                This first objective will be achieved via an overview of the industry, overviews of specific subsets of the industry and guest speakers with expertise building and operating businesses in asset management.
  
The second objective will be to arm students with enough information around the practical aspects of asset management, such that they can put together a reasonable business plan for a start-up asset manager. Students will then present those business plans on the last day of class.
                                
                            
This course is designed to be an applications oriented course and will draw heavily upon real world change of control case studies. The course builds on the prior courses in corporate finance. The course will not introduce significantly new finance principles or analytical techniques other than those to which the student has been exposed to previously in the prerequisite introductory courses in finance at Columbia. The course will seek to apply basic finance principles and analytical techniques to actual problems likely to be encountered by senior management of major corporations or those who are the advisors to such management in the context of an M&A transaction. At the conclusion of the course, the student will have gained an appreciation for the role M&A plays on today's corporate landscape and have formed an opinion as to whether or not an M&A transaction makes sense" for the firm. The student should expect at the conclusion of this course to have gained a level of competency in M&A commensurate with an entry-level investment banking associate in M&A. Whether or not the student "practices" M&A, the course will afford the student with an insider's look into what is an undeniable major force on today's corporate landscape. Accordingly, students who are interested in investment banking, consulting, equity research, corporate development, corporate lending, strategic planning, private equity, leveraged finance, or proprietary trading many wish to consider this course."
This course is designed to prepare public health professionals to identify, analyze, and address Environmental Justice (EJ) concerns in the development and implementation of policy and practice related to environmental health, land use, and environmental protection. We will begin by establishing a firm grounding in the theory and evidence behind the American EJ movement through study of the seminal research literature as well as government assessments and case studies of touchstone events. From that point of departure, we will examine existing health disparities and emerging EJ issues, emphasizing the tools available to public health policy makers, researchers, and advocates. We will assess the progress the movement has made in its 30-year history, evaluate the limitations of “first-generation” advocates’ toolbox, explore new approaches that would fully realize EJ goals, and the application of EJ analysis to environmental and health policy. When appropriate, individual class meetings will incorporate interactive exercises, such as role play, aimed at building the students’ ability to analyze issues from different perspectives.
                                
                                This course studies the evolution of the high yield bond and loan markets, and the behavior of market participants from
 peak to trough and back again through various credit cycles. Through lectures, case studies, and guest speakers, we
 discuss through-cycle changes in valuation, structure, capital raising, liquidity and other investor considerations.
 To provide context, we will use the Caesars/Harrah’s 2006 leveraged buyout as a case study that illustrates each phase
 of the credit cycle. Four other case studies (HCA, NXP, Realogy and a contemporary case, TWTR) will be used to highlight
 the two extremes of the cycle (“feast” and “famine”), and how they build on the calmer (some might even say boring)
 phases of the credit cycle.
 
 Students should leave the course with an understanding of the concept of the credit cycle and the ability to identify peak
 and trough conditions and behaviors.
                                
                            
This course presents an in-depth analysis of issues relating to water, sanitation and hygiene in both the developed and developing worlds. Students will become familiar with the hydrologic cycle, the major causes of enteric morbidity and mortality, and the design, financing and implementation of sanitation systems. This course is designed for both engineering and public health students and is intended to foster dialog between the two communities. Class meets once per week for 3 hours, and consists of lecture, discussion of assigned reading, break-out work and student presentations. Student requirements include assigned readings, in-class participation in break-out work, group presentations and a final term paper. Each student will be assigned a break-out group that will work together both during and outside class on a variety of water and sanitation problems. Each group will pick two cities, one in the developed world and one in the developing world, on which they will focus their efforts throughout the term.
This course studies how private equity sponsors increase the value of their investments from deal closing to exit. Using examples from real-world transactions and guest lectures, students will learn the how of value creation in private equity.The course focuses on three types of value creation strategies: financial engineering, governance engineering, and operational engineering.
The course focuses on the set of concepts and techniques used to analyze and finance income-producing real property. It starts with the characteristics that make real property different, including cash flow uncertainties, debt sources and tax features. It then considers the available strategies and structures of real estate finance, including capital structure choices for construction and permanent financing. Extensive use is then made of cases to illustrate the range of choices and outcomes.
This is the third course of three consecutive courses focusing on a systems and developmental approach in primary care with emphasis on risk assessment, comorbidities and acuity to determine the most appropriate level of care. This course will focus on the differential diagnosis and comprehensive management of commonly encountered acute and chronic physical and mental health illnesses as they affect individuals across the lifespan.
This course will introduce advanced methods and tools commonly used in Environmental Health Sciences. These topics include advanced regression techniques especially pertinent to environmental health, methods to quantify and correct for exposure measurement error, mixtures methods, etc. Each class will have two components: a lecture and a coding lab. Although other courses in the School and other Departments might also present some of the methods covered here, the emphasis of this course will be on applications in EHS specifically and the appropriateness, assumptions, strength, limitations and interpretation of results in the EHS framework. Air pollution will be primarily used in class as the example exposure of interest (as many of these methods were first used in air pollution health studies), but not exclusively. R will be used for all coding.
We are exposed to thousands of chemicals in the air, on our food, and as part of consumer products with many hundreds more new chemicals brought to market every year. Yet, only a very small proportion of these have been comprehensively tested for safety. Existing toxicological methods are often insufficient to test every new or existing product due to various constraints including economics, relevance, politics, and ethics. The advent of computational strategies, with high-throughput in vitro and in vivo toxicology data, now permits predictive approaches to a priori, predict potential health risks of chemicals which have not be tested in the laboratory. These strategies range from predicting cellular toxicity based on similarities of chemical structure with chemicals of known toxicity, to forecasting human cellular toxicity from pesticides on food and other exposures using high-throughput cellular assays. Integrating publicly available “omics” data, environmental and personal monitoring data, and bioinformatics, is empowering innovative discovery about exposure-outcome relationships. The goal of this course will be to expose students to the various data sources and approaches that are used to predict toxicity and introduce innovative data manipulation and display strategies that are increasingly needed in data heavy disciplines. This is a hands-on course; students will be required to mine publicly accessible data and perform their own analyses, regularly presenting their work in the classroom. Students will be evaluated on their ability to integrate the material and apply it to real data in order to garner thoughtful, novel insight into predictive or integrative toxicity.
                                
                                The Real Estate Project Class provides students who intend on pursuing careers in real estate the opportunity to learn how to analyze and execute value-add investments and presentations of same under the guidance of an experienced professor and practitioner, as well as a veteran real estate owner/investor/intermediary sponsor. The course will include instruction in investment conceptualization, analysis, strategy, research and execution. Presentation skills, both oral and written, are integral to the course and project. Two student groups, each group consisting of three or four students, will work with an outside project sponsor to create a transaction presentation based on a real-world sponsor investment.
 
 Personal laptops will NOT be permitted in class. CBS iPads will be permitted only.
 
 Either B8332 RE Transactions or at least 1-year experience of real estate/ transactions experience with instructors permission is required for this course.
                                
                            
This half-term course will introduce students to the fundamentals of global real estate investment from an institutional perspective through an exploration of specific strategies for structuring global real estate portfolios. It will also provide students with an analytical framework and the tools to analyze and value cross-border real estate investments in developed and emerging markets. Given current market conditions, attention will also be paid to asset management strategies.
Real estate development is the physical and financial process by which society fulfills its spatial needs. Housing, office buildings, hotels, industrial space, retail; all of these are created by private developers who have the vision and capacity to manage the risks of development. This course will provide an understanding of the real estate development process and its role in value creation for investors and the surrounding community. Topics will include project envisioning; location and site selection and evaluation; highest and best use analysis; zoning and land use regulation; building design and construction; capital stack (debt and equity; developer compensation); ownership structures; marketing, leasing, and asset management; and exit strategies. The class will also cover non-traditional development (e.g., adaptive re-use, affordable housing, modular and pre-fab), as well as the opportunities for entrepreneurs in this space. The class will include prominent guest speakers who will share their experience from the trenches. There will be one or two site visits to projects currently underway. Real Estate Finance or demonstrated financial work experience is a pre-requisite of this class.
Most companies around the world are controlled by one or more large shareholders. These shareholders—whether founders and their families, private equity firms, activist investors, or institutional stakeholders—play a central role in their firms’ governance, actively shaping corporate decisions and oversight structures. Their involvement in the firm creates room for the board to serve not only as a monitoring body but also as a crucial source of strategic guidance and expertise.
This course is meant to provide an overall framework for personal finance. This course is not providing financial advice and each individual’s personal context and additional research should be done before making financial decisions Most of this course is internationally applicable. However, certain topics will have more of a US centric focus: taxes, retirement accounts, mortgages This course will not cover more advanced strategies (e.g., bitcoin, angel investing, commodities, investing on margin)
This course is intended to provide students with an overview of the range of investing and funding approaches used by impact investors. This will be done through a combination of lectures, discussions, and presentations by leading impact investors and thought leaders. The substantive areas covered will include: (1) financial instruments and techniques used to fund social enterprises (for-profit, nonprofit and hybrids); (2) the differing financial return and social impact return expectations of impact investors; (3) how investors/funders and investment/wealth managers and advisors structure their portfolios and funds; and (4) strategies used by impact investors to search for impact investing opportunities. As well as investor/funder perspectives, the course will explore the role of financial innovation in creating opportunities to finance social enterprises, and the enabling regulatory framework and information intermediaries that are needed to support the development of robust social capital markets.
                                
                                The primary objective of this course is to provide you with a comprehensive
 understanding of the significant economic, strategic, and regulatory aspects involved in financing
 innovations within the healthcare industry. In the ?first half of the course, you will be introduced
 to the risk-return pro?les and market failures specific to the biopharma industry. Additionally, we
 will explore the integral roles played by various ?financing channels, including government funding,
 non-pro?t organizations, venture capital, and mergers and acquisitions, in driving the innovation
 process. The second half of the course will focus on examining the distinctive ?financial characteristics of U.S. hospitals and analyzing how external financing impacts healthcare quality and
 technology adoption.
                                
                            
                                
                                This course is designed to create awareness of the differences between investing in the United States and investing outside of the United States. Fundamental security analysis aimed at understanding a company’s economic profile is only one component of the analysis of any business. The legal, cultural, and macroeconomic framework under which a company operates can have a significant impact on investment outcomes. 
  
The major topics covered include defining the investable space, understanding the mechanics of investing, macroeconomic and country based policy influences on company valuation, the legal rights of minority shareholders in different markets, cultural influences on valuation and business economics, international economic crises and how to invest, the development of capital markets, and fundamental security analysis of foreign companies.
                                
                            
Clinical seminar in Women's Health is designed to provide the Women's Health Subspecialty student with an opportunity to expand on clinical practicum experiences via case presentation and faculty led group clinical discussion. Each student will present a case chosen from the women's health practicum experience. The presenting student will lead a class discussion based on their case facilitated by the course instructor. Some seminar sessions will include a didactic component presented by the course instructor to further elaborate on clinical issues presented in the cases over the course of the semester.