Energy, Enterprise and Development explores the conditions that characterize energy poverty in poor countries; traditional and non-traditional approaches to providing modern energy access to un-served and badly served populations; and, the relationship of energy to human development, environmental conditions and sustainability We examine examples of energy access enterprises, conduct country research, and each student designs an initiative appropriate to the results of that research. Using real examples we explore the issues that must be understood for energy enterprises to succeed in developing countries.
This studio is concerned with
etiology
, or the “cause, set of causes, or manner of causation of disease or condition”. As such, we will explore the patterning (who/what) and determinants (why) of population health. The course will focus on determinants ranging from upstream features of the social and physical environment to downstream, proximal risk factors at the level of individual biology, as well as the interactions between them. While often we think about our health as a function of behaviors we can control and genetics we can’t, the reality is much more complex, involving dynamic interplay between biology and the environment over the life course. Where we live, what we are exposed to, and the social and economic positions we occupy are major influences on our health, becoming encoded in our biology and expressed in the diseases we develop (or avoid) and, ultimately, in our longevity. Identifying these factors and understanding their health consequences is central to public health. In this studio, students become acquainted with a) the major environmental issues that we face, b) the social factors such as race/racism, socioeconomic status and gender that influence health, and c) the underlying biological basis of human disease. In addition, students will be presented with the approaches used to address the health consequences of these determinants.
With the world at 7.5 billion people and a current annual GDP of over US$70 trillion, human impacts on the environment have already reached dangerous levels. By 2050 there may well be 9 billion people and global GDP of more than US$250 trillion. The challenges of governance for sustainable development in a globalizing world are real and many, with growing demands for participation in decision making in every country. National governments must coordinate policy development and implementation with diverse actors -- businesses, local governments, regional / international institutions, and civil society organizations. The world urgently needs the practice of sustainable development to address the simultaneous challenges of ending poverty, increasing social inclusion, and sustaining local and planetary life systems. Leaders of 193 countries adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development at the UN Sustainable Development Summit on September 25, 2015. The challenges of adopting the sustainable development agenda are many. Feasible pathways to long-term sustainability are complex, subject to technological and political uncertainties, and requiring substantial resources. Sound policy-making and effective execution in each country requires a long-term approach that integrates strategies vis-à-vis many development challenges, including institutional, financial, social and environmental. The broad goal of this course is to introduce students to sustainable development thinking and practice, and to examine the diversity of ways that select countries are meeting the challenges of sustainable development.
The course will acquaint you modern international capital markets. You can expect to learn a substantial amount of up-to-date detail and some useful theory. Specifically, we will survey global markets for credit, equity, foreign exchange, foreign exchange derivatives, futures, interest rate swaps, credit default swaps and asset backed securities. In each case, we will learn the highlights of payments and settlement, documentation, regulation, applications for end-users, related economic theory and pricing models. The class will cover options and asset pricing theory; however, the treatment will be informal and designed to help develop intuition. One lecture each will be devoted to international banking (with an emphasis on changing capital regulation), investment banks, and hedge funds.
This course looks at media worldwide, some of the difficulties that journalists face, and solutions. We will look at a bit of history and theory to understand the media's role and how it can be supported. We will focus on a few basic interrelated themes: media innovation, media sustainability, investigative reporting, and the more recent problem of online disinformation. Guest lectures will be given by people at the cutting edge of media innovation and investigative journalism in both profit and non-profit organizations. Practical topics will be essential to this course: how do you build a media outlet that can be sustained financially? What are the evolving role of the donor community and media philanthropy? Who are the innovators in the quality media landscape worldwide, and what does it take for them to succeed? What policies can governments and donors adopt to support public service media? We start from the position that media freedom of expression and the safety of journalists is essential. We will consider both the soft and hard pressures on journalists and the effect that financial upheaval and digital technology have on free expression. This course is more relevant and urgent than ever. Because of the rise of “democratators” worldwide and the ongoing repression of the media, we will necessarily discuss the role of demagogues, the need for regulation of the tech giants, and how to support the media as a Fourth Estate. The financial crisis faced by the media has worsened since the Covid-19 pandemic, but this means the search for solutions has become more intense, and the field is awash with big ideas and creative thinking. It’s an exciting time to think about why journalism matters and what policies will help preserve it. Students who take this course will become familiar with: Some of the major theories of journalism studies. The big ideas and policies that could help save quality journalism. The worlds of media development and philanthropy. Different business models and sustainability of media outlets. Questions of measuring impact, including reach and influence. What it takes to innovate successfully. Research skills and critical/analytical thinking.
This course introduces students to historical approaches in sociology and political science (and some economics). In the first part, the course surveys the major theoretical approaches and methodological traditions. Examples of the former are classic comparativist work (e.g. Skocpol’s study of revolutions), historist approaches (such as Sewell’s), or the historical institutionalist tradition (Mahoney, Thelen, Wimmer, etc.). In terms of methodological approaches, we will discuss classical Millean small-N comparisons, Qualitative Comparative Analysis, process tracing, actor-centered modeling, quantitative, large-N works, and causal inference type of research designs. In the second part, major topics in macro-comparative social sciences are examined, from world systems and empire to the origins of democracy.
Prerequisites: PHYS G6037 or the equivalent. The elementary particles and their properties; interactions of charged particles and radiation with matter; accelerators, particle beams, detectors; conservation laws; symmetry principles; strong interactions, resonances, unitary symmetry; electromagnetic interactions; weak interactions; current topics.
Key question: How to harmonize the diverse objectives of private investors, public sector officials, multilateral institutions and other key actors in the development of international infrastructure projects. This course will examine the principles underlying global infrastructure investment and explore effective strategies to encourage development of facilities for transportation, water, energy, healthcare and education. The classes will focus primarily upon three or more specific case studies of recent projects. Subjects of examination will include the Queen Alia International Airport in Jordan, the Kenya-Uganda Rift Valley Railway, the Sorek water desalination system in Israel, and the Gandhinagar Photovoltaic Rooftop Program in India. The projects will be examined from the perspectives of financial investors, industrial operators, creditors, including commercial banks and multilateral institutions, government policymakers and the public. Issues discussed will include risk allocation, delivery methods and the evolving cast of global investors.
Prerequisites: this course is intended for sociology Ph.D. and SMS students. No others without the instructors written permission. Foundational sources and issues in sociological theory: Adam Smith, Marx, Durkheim, Weber, Simmel, Mead, Mauss, others; division of labor, individualism, exchange, class and its vicissitudes, social control, ideas and interests, contending criteria of explanation and interpretation.
The course will focus on the knowledge and skills required to develop an idea, thoughtfully plan, articulate and pitch a new social enterprise, venture or business. This course is a workshop, not a lecture course. Students will work on projects in teams to brainstorm - define ideas, engage in customer discovery - development, create viable business models - budgets and be able to pitch their idea to potential partners and investors. Components of the course include: 1) Design Thinking, Ideation and Prototyping; 2) Business Planning and Budgeting; 3) Social Impact Measurement; 4) Pitching ideas.
This is a graduate-level seminar on the sociology of education. The goal of the course is to introduce students to foundational texts, theories, and research in the field of sociology of education. In particular, we will focus on the role of schooling in social stratification and social reproduction in the United States. This course is organized by broad topic and theme. We will begin with a discussion of the purpose of schooling before moving into a discussion of some theoretical perspectives on the role of schooling in our society. Next, we will discuss inequality in schooling across multiple socio-demographic categories, including social class, race/ethnicity, gender, sexuality, and religion (in addition to inequality at the intersection of multiple social categories). By the end of this course, you should have a strong foundation in theoretical and empirical research on education’s role in society.
This graduate seminar will expose students to major themes and issues in the study of South Asia. The course will provide a serious intellectual foundation for students wishing to pursue specialized, directed research in the region. Broadly speaking, themes for consideration include: cultural history and early modernity; capitalism and political economy; genealogies of political thought; anticolonialism; caste and religion; and gender and feminist history. The thematic focus of the seminar will change each time it is taught. However, the
pedagogical aims
of the seminar will remain constant. That is, to maintain a focus on discussions about the archive; conducting field research; framing a robust research question, and more.
This course provides an introduction to the most widely used methods for measuring and analyzing human brain activity and their application in cognitive neuroscience, complemented by weekly hands-on interactive labs to deepen understanding, experience measurements, and explore analyses.
Global Energy Policy gives an objective view of the world energy system and the energy transition. This course aims at providing students with the critical knowledge and skills to understand the energy trilemma and the trade-offs that governments have to make in designing energy policies. The course centers around sustainability but deep-dives into the technological and political economy constraints that inhibit a higher-paced transition. Consequentially, the course focuses on three elements. First, we evaluate the state of play, trends and projections in global energy, including key technologies, investment trends and subsidy policies. Second, we use case-based teaching to understand the drivers and constraints associated with national energy policy decision making. Cases are chosen to discuss the role of social contracts, firms, geopolitics and vested interests. They include, among others power sector reform in India; biofuel reform in the US and the EU; oil and natural gas geopolitics; oil & conflict; corruption in the energy sector; energy in China’s Belt and Road Initiative. And third, we discuss regional and global energy policies and players.
This course will cover economic approaches to optimally manage natural resources and the environment. We will start with a brief review why unregulated markets will lead to suboptimal environmental outcomes (market failures like externalities, public goods, and open access). The second part discusses different ways to intervene in the market (command-and-control, taxes, subsidies for innovation, pollution permits, and property rights). Economic concepts will be discussed using recent policy issues (climate change, green new deal, fossil fuel markets, carbon tax, interstate pollution regulation, and ecosystem services). The third and final part discusses how to empirically estimate the cost of environmental regulation on regulated industries as well as the benefits to consumers and firms.
This course begins with two central and related epistemological problems in conducting ethnographic research: first, the notion that objects of scientific research are ‘made’ through adopting a particular relational stance and asking certain kinds of questions. From framing a research problem and choosing a ‘research context’ story to tell, to the kinds of methods one selects to probe such a problem, the ‘how’ and ‘what’ – or means and content – are inextricably intertwined. A second epistemological problem concerns the artifice of reality, and the nebulous distinction between truth and fiction, no less than the question of where or with whom one locates such truth. With these issues framing the course, we will work through some key themes and debates in anthropology from the perspective of methodology, ranging from subject/object liminality to incommensurability and radical alterity to the politics of representation. Students will design an ethnographic project of their choosing and conduct research throughout the term, applying different methodological approaches popular in anthropology and the social sciences more generally, such as participant observation, semi-structured interview, diary-keeping and note-taking.
Human societies depend upon the natural world, but we also transform, deplete, and degrade the environment. Indeed, the human imprint is so great that the planet has entered a new epoch, the Anthropocene. This course investigates not only what humans have done to modify the environment (impacts), but why they have done these things when the consequences are detrimental (behavior), and how this behavior might be changed to make people better off (policy). The purpose is to explore various possible conceptual frameworks for policy analysis and social action. To do so, we draw on insights from a range of disciplines -anthropology, economics, geography, history, international relations, political science- and from different parts of the world. The course provides an overview of different ways of conceptualizing the relationship between politics, environmental change, and economic processes. While it embeds these paradigms in a history of the growth of capitalism, the inter-state system, and scientific progress, it concentrates on the global environment of the 20th and 21st-century world, with special attention to developing countries and the dilemmas they face. Ideologies, material processes, and institutions are critically examined to analyze how our ways of ‘knowing’ and changing the environment cannot be understood separate from social relations and power dynamics. By covering a wide range of subjects and drawing on a great variety of local and global examples,
Environmental Fundamentals
intends to give students a solid grasp of key academic debates and the complex trade-offs inherent in crafting environmental and development policies.
The purpose of this course is to establish a core energy skill set for SIPA students and prepare them for more advanced energy courses by providing a basic language and toolset for understanding energy issues. Existing energy sources and the infrastructures that deliver them to users around the world are undergoing a period of rapid change. Limits to growth, rapidly fluctuating raw material prices, and the emergence of new technology options all contribute to heightened risk and opportunity in the energy sector.
The different studios in the Mailman Core teach a set of foundational perspectives, knowledge, and skills. But the practice of public health requires applying this education in a context characterized by uncertainty, risk, competing interests, conflicting values, and systems of oppression that perpetuate racism and drive inequities across multiple dimensions of society The Integration of Science and Practice (ISP) uses case studies of actual events to help students analyze the complicated nature of public health practice. The course immerses students in the complex arena of public health decision-making and debate, placing them in the role of stakeholders and policymakers who must marshal both their core knowledge and disciplinary perspectives to explore different options and create and justify interdisciplinary responses to public health challenges. The cases also provide an opportunity to identify crosscutting themes and questions (e.g. knowledge gaps; used of evidence; trade-offs in public health decision making, inequities and inequalities; discrimination; public health ethics; politics; interest group agendas; funding and available resources; organization; public perception, etc.). Fundamental to all the cases, ISP provides a structured space to explore systems of oppression, our relationship to these systems, and their impact on public health. In the Fall semester these cases are based upon classic public health dilemmas, and links are made to their relevance to current public health issues. The cases serve as an archive of sorts, a library of examples to draw on as points of comparison when they encounter similar problems and issues in other classes or during their careers.
This course discusses and critically addresses the various sources that archaeologists use in developing and implementing research in American historical archaeology, including documentary/archival sources, oral historical and ethnographic sources, and the archaeological record. A variety of documentary sources will be critically evaluated, and Black and Indigenous epistemological sources will be reviewed for the purposes of developing informed archaeological research designs. The purpose of this course is to engage students in an applied understanding of how various perspectives and worldviews can shape historical archaeological research and practice.
Recognition, prevention and resolution of environmental problems depends on effective environmental advocacy, but what constitutes effective collective action? Advocates typically argue that they represent the collective interests of the general public and underrepresented groups, and use a variety of tactics to express themselves over a range of scale. Government regulation and environmental science also often rely upon the product of advocacy to different degrees. How much has advocacy influenced environmental policy and political and civic engagement? This class examines the role of advocacy and science inside and outside the US environmental policy-making process, and addresses different approaches to environmental advocacy from the local to the global. Using both historical and contemporary sources, the course investigates how different groups experience the natural and built worlds, the interplay of citizens and science, the treatment of science by advocates and the media, and the role of advocates of various types in legislative, administrative and judicial decision making. It also takes a comparative approach of how other political systems (e.g. China) experience and responds to environmental advocacy. Along the way, we will explore connections between environmental change and social inequality, the rise of modern environmental politics, environmentalism and nationalism, and differing visions for the future of nature.
Selected advanced topics in computational neuroscience and neuroengineering. Content varies from year to year, and different topics rotate through the course numbers 6090-6099. Topic: Devices and Analysis for Neural Circuits.
Prerequisites: PHYS W3008 or its equivalent. Fundamentals of electromagnetism from an advanced perspective with emphasis on electromagnetic fields in vaccum with no bounding surfaces present. A thorough understanding of Maxwells equations and their application to a wide variety of phenomena. Maxwells equations (in vacuum) and the Lorentz force law - noncovariant form. Scalar and vector potentials, gauge transformations. Generalized functions (delta functions and their derivatives), point changes. Fourier transforms, longitutdinal ad transverse vector fields. Solution of Maxwells equations in unbounded space for electrostatics and magnetostatics with given charge and current sources. Special relativity, Loretnz transformations, 4-momentum, relativistic reactions. Index mechanics of Cartesian tensor notation. Covariatn formulation of Maxwells equations and the Lorentz force law, Lorentz transformation properties of E and B. Lagrangian density for the electromagnetic field, Langrangian density for the Proca field. Symmetries and conservation laws, Noethers theorem. Field conservation laws (energy, linear momentum, angular momentum, stress tensor). Monochromatic plane wave solutions of the time-dependent source-free Maxwell equations, elliptical polarization, partially-polarized electromagnetgic waves, Stokes parameters. Solution of the time-dependent Maxwell equations in unbounded space with given chare and current sources (retarded and advanced solutions). Properties of electromagnetic fields in the radiaion zone, angular distribution of radiated power, frequency distribution of radiated energy, radiation form periodic and non-periodic motions. Radiation from antennas and antenna arrays. Lienard-Wiechert fields, the relativistic form of the Larmor radiation forumla, synchrotron radiation, bremsstrahlung, undulator and wiggler radiation. Electric dipole and magnetic dipole radiation. Scattering of electromagnetic radiation, the differential scattering cross-section, low-energy and high-energy approximations, scattering from a random or periodic array of scatterers. Radiation reaction force, Feynman-Wheeler theoryy. The macroscopic Maxwell equations (spatial averaging to get P, M, D, H). Convolutions, linear materials (permittivity, permeability, and conductivity), causality, analytics continuation, Kramers-Kronig relations. Propagation of monochromatic plane waves in isotropic and non-isotropic linear materials, ordinary ad extraordinary waves. Cherenkov radiation, transition radiation.
Required of all incoming sociology doctoral students. Prepares students who have already completed an undergraduate major or its equivalent in some social science to evaluate and undertake both systematic descriptions and sound explanations of social structures and processes.
The development of quantitative risk management by the financial industry has gone hand-in-hand with that of quantitative approaches to financial regulation. The interactions between industry best practice and regulation have grown even closer since the global financial crisis, reflecting lessons learned (or not), the widening scope of regulation, and the now-central role of financial risk in the public policy agenda. This course introduces risk management principles in the context of public policy, presenting market, liquidity and credit risk measurement techniques employed by banks and other intermediaries, as well as their drawbacks and limitations. To help understand current approaches to risk management and regulation, the course studies financial market behavior in normal times and crises, the treatment of firms and debt in bankruptcy and how it differs for financial firms, the role of securitization in the financial system, and the roles of leverage and of market and funding liquidity in times of calm and distress.
Individualized, guided learning experiences at the graduate level in a selected area of concentration. The area of concentration selected should reflect both the role of the clinical specialist/nurse practitioner and the student's specific interests. Proposed work must be outlined prior to registration and agreed upon by both faculty and student.