Prerequisites: Probability and Statistics at the level of SIEO W3600 or SIEO W4150 or instructor permission.
This graduate course is only for MS&E, IE and OR students. This is also required for students in the Undergraduate Advanced Track. This course introduces students to operations research and stochastic processes. Operations research is concerned with quantitative decision problems, generally involving the allocation and control of limited resources, often in the presence of significant uncertainty. Stochastic processes are collections of random variables, usually indexed by time. [In stochastic process models, time can be regarded as either discrete or continuous.] For example, we might use stochastic processes to model the evolution of a stock price over time, the damage claims received by an insurance company over time, the work-in-process inventory in a factory over time or the number of calls waiting in a telephone call center over time, all of which evolve with considerable uncertainty. Among the stochastic processes to be considered are discrete-time Markov chains, random walks, continuous-time Markov chains, Poisson processes, birth-and-death processes, renewal processes, renewal-reward processes, Brownian motion and geometric Brownian motion. Among the engineering applications to be considered are queuing, inventory and finance.
Prerequisites:
KORN W4006
or the equivalent.
Selections from advanced modern Korean writings in social sciences, literature, culture, history, journalistic texts, and intensive conversation exercises.
Prerequisites: at least two terms of Latin at the 3000-level or higher.
Latin literature from Augustus to 600 C.E.
Prerequisites:
STAT W3105
or
W4105
, or the equivalent.
Calculus-based introduction to the theory of statistics. Useful distributions, law of large numbers and central limit theorem, point estimation, hypothesis testing, confidence intervals, maximum likelihood, likelihood ratio tests, nonparametric procedures, theory of least squares and analysis of variance.
This course will examine Japanese architecture and urban planning from the mid-19th century to the present. We will address topics such as the establishment of an architectural profession along western lines in the late 19th century, the emergence of a modernist movement in the 1920's, the use of biological metaphors and the romanticization of technology in the theories and designs of the Metabolist Group, and the shifting significance of pre-modern Japanese architectural practices for modern architects. There will be an emphasis on the complex relationship between architectural practice and broader political and social change in Japan.
Prerequisites: CHEN E3120.
Tensor analysis; kinematics of continua; balance of laws for one-component media; constituitive laws for free energy and stress in one-component media; exact and asymptotic solutions to dynamic problems in fluids and solids; balance laws for mixtures;constitutive laws for free energy, stress and diffusion fluxes in mixtures; solutions to dynamic problems in mixtures.
A study of the French Atlantic World from the exploration of Canada to the Louisiana Purchase and Haitian Independence, with a focus on the relationship between war and trade, forms of intercultural negotiation, the economics of slavery, and the changing meaning of race. The demise of the First French Colonial Empire occurred in two stages: the British victory at the end of the Seven Years War in 1763, and the proclamation of Haitian Independence by insurgent slaves in 1804. The first French presence in the New World was the exploration of the Gulf of St. Lawrence by Jacques Cartier in 1534. At its peak the French Atlantic Empire included one-third of the North American continent, as well as the richest and most productive sugar and coffee plantations in the world. By following the history of French colonization in North America and the Caribbean, this class aims to provide students with a different perspective on the history of the Western hemisphere, and on US history itself. At the heart of the subject is the encounter between Europeans and Native Americans and between Europeans and Africans. We will focus the discussion on a few issues: the strengths and weaknesses of French imperial control as compared with the Spanish and the British; the social, political, military, and religious dimensions of relations with Native Americans; the extraordinary prosperity and fragility of the plantation system; evolving notions of race and citizenship; and how the French Atlantic Empire shaped the history of the emerging United States. The course is designed for advanced undergraduates. It will be open to graduate students by permission of the History DGS and the instructor.
Prerequisites:
COMS W3134
,
W3136
, or
W3137
, fluency in Java; or the instructor's permission.
The fundamentals of database design and application development using databases: entity-relationship modeling, logical design of relational databases, relational data definition and manipulation languages, SQL, XML, query processing, physical database tuning, transaction processing, security. Programming projects are required.
Prerequisites: Probability and Statistics at the level of SIEO W3600 or SIEO W4150, and Deterministic Models at the level of IEOR E3608 or IEOR E4004, or instructor permission.
This course is for MS-MS&E students only. This course aims to develop and harness the modeling, analytical and managerial skills of engineering students and apply them to improve the operations of both service and manufacturing firms. The course is structured as a hands-on laboratory in which students "learn by doing" on real-world consulting projects (October to May). The student teams focus on identifying, modeling and testing (and sometimes implementing) operational improvements and innovations with high potential to enhance the profitability and/or achieve sustainable competitive advantage for their sponsor companies. The course is targeted toward students planning careers in technical consulting (including operations consulting) and management consulting, or pursuing positions as business analysts in operations, logistics, supply chain and revenue management functions, positions in general management and future entrepreneurs.
Prerequisites: Recommended but not required: APPH E3100 and APPH E3300 or their equivalents.
Optical resonators, interaction of radiation and atomic systems, theory of laser oscillation, specific laser systems, rate processes, modulation, detection, harmonic generation, and applications.
Prerequisites:
COMS W4111
; fluency in Java or C++.
CSEE W3827
is recommended.
The principles and practice of building large-scale database management systems. Storage methods and indexing, query processing and optimization, materialized views, transaction processing and recovery, object-relational databases, parallel and distributed databases, performance considerations. Programming projects are required.
The course is a sequel to Yiddish for Academic Purposes and it develops skills in reading and translating Yiddish texts for academic research. It focuses on reading a variety of more advanced literary and scholarly texts. Some of the material listed on the syllabus may be substituted by texts suggested by the students. The objective of the class is to acquire solid grammar base as well as reading proficiency that goes beyond word for- word translation, includes skills of making reasonable guesses based on the context, and develops reading strategies. The course is designed primarily for graduate students who need to conduct research in Yiddish but it is open to everyone. Reading knowledge of Yiddish is required.
Prerequisites:
COMS W3134
,
W3136
, or
W3137
(or equivalent),
W3261
, and
CSEE W3827
, or the instructor's permission.
Modern programming languages and compiler design. Imperative, object-oriented, declarative, functional, and scripting languages. Language syntax, control structures, data types, procedures and parameters, binding, scope, run-time organization, and exception handling. Implementation of language translation tools including compilers and interpreters. Lexical, syntactic and semantic analysis; code generation; introduction to code optimization. Teams implement a language and its compiler.
Prerequisites:
CSEE W3827
and knowledge of C and programming tools as covered in
W3136
,
W3157
, or
W3101
, or the instructor's permission.
Design and implementation of operating systems. Topics include process management, process synchronization and interprocess communication, memory management, virtual memory, interrupt handling, processor scheduling, device management, I/O, and file systems. Case study of the UNIX operating system. A programming project is required.
Corequisites:
SIEO W3600
or
IEOR E3658
, or equivalent.
Introduction to computer networks and the technical foundations of the Internet, including applications, protocols, local area networks, algorithms for routing and congestion control, security, elementary performance evaluation. Several written and programming assignments required.
Prerequisites: Permission of the instructor. Enrollment limited to 15. Preregistration required.
Traces the lively debates amongst the major European Enlightenment figures about the formation of capitalism. Was the new market society ushering in an era of wealth and civilization or was it promoting corruption and exploitation? Particular emphasis on debates about commerce, luxury, greed, poverty, empire, slavery, and liberty.
Prerequisites: CHEE E3010 or equivalent thermodynamics course, or instructor's permission.
Fundamental principles and underlying assumptions of statistical mechanics. Boltzmann's entropy hypothesis and its restatement in terms of Helmholtz and Gibbs free energies and for open systems. Correlation times and lengths. Exploration of phase space and observation timescale. Correlation functions. Fermi-Dirac and Bose-Einstein statistics. Fluctuation-response theory. Applications to ideal gases, interfaces, liquid crystals, microemulsions and other complex fluids, polymers, Coulomb gas, interactions between charged polymers and charged interfaces, ordering transitions.
Prerequisites:
LING W3101.
In light of the predicted loss of up to 90% of the world languages by the end of this century, it has become urgent that linguists take a more active role in documenting and conserving endangered languages. In this course, we will learn the essential skills and technology of language documentation through work with speakers of an endangered language.
Prerequisites:
COMS W3139
.
Theory and practice of multimedia information systems design, with emphasis on system architectures for multimedia storage servers. Topics include media, applications, and their requirements; current storage device, interconnect, and compression technologies; and technology trends and their impact on application areas, multimedia storage systems, video-on-demand servers, fault tolerance, real-time scheduling, and resource management. A programming project is required.
In this seminar students will read and analyze poetry from Buddhist cultures, including Indian, Chinese, Japanese, and Tibetan literary traditions. Our focus will be on poems that are emblematic of Buddhist themes such as impermanence, interdependence, perception of the present moment, and empathy. We will also read and discuss poems from Christian, Hindu, Jewish, and Islamic traditions to situate Buddhist poetry within a wider context of religious literature. Considering a broad scope of religious literature will allow students to analyze how poetic forms work to express common themes such as the nature of the self and the relationship to the divine. This course will focus on primary source materials in translation. Supplementary readings will introduce foundational Buddhist concepts and prompt consideration of literary critical questions specific to poetry. Our primary aim will be to pinpoint aspects of Buddhist philosophy that lend themselves particularly well to poetic expression.
Prerequisites: Graduate standing in Civil Engineering, or instructor's permission.
Introduction to the principles, methods and tools necessary to manage design and construction processes. Elements of planning, estimating, scheduling, bidding and contractual relationships. Valuation of project cash flows. Critical path method. Survey of construction procedures. Cost control and effectiveness. Field supervision.
Prerequisites: Graduate standing in Civil Engineering, or instructor's permission.
Introduction to the principles, methods and tools necessary to manage design and construction processes. Elements of planning, estimating, scheduling, bidding and contractual relationships. Valuation of project cash flows. Critical path method. Survey of construction procedures. Cost control and effectiveness. Field supervision.
A new approach to the classical problems of the sociology of knowledge - the social determination of knowledge and the social roles of those who create, possess, and distribute knowledge. This new approach rejects the current boundaries of inquiry and reunifies them as a network of practices straddling the boundaries of science and the professions.
Prerequisites: CIEN E4129 or equivalent.
Current methods of construction, cost-effective designs, maintenance, safe work environment. Design functions, constructability, site and environmental issues.
Prerequisites: CIEN E4129 or equivalent.
Current methods of construction, cost-effective designs, maintenance, safe work environment. Design functions, constructability, site and environmental issues.
Prerequisites: CIEN E 4129 or equivalent.
Contractual relationships in the engineering and construction industry and the actions that result in disputes. Emphasis on procedures required to prevent disputes and resolve them quickly and cost-effectively. Case studies requiring oral and written presentations.
Prerequisites: Graduate standing or the instructor's permission.
Practical focus upon legal concepts applicable to the construction industry. Provides sufficient understanding to manage legal aspects, instead of being managed by them. Topics include contractual relationships, contract performance, contract flexibility and change orders, liability and negligence, dispute avoidance/resolution, surety bonds, insurance and site safety.
Interpretations of civil society and the foundations of political order according to the two main traditions of political thought--contraction and Aristotelian. Readings include works by Hobbes, Spinoza, Locke, Montesquieu, Hume, Rousseau, Kant, Hegel, Saint-Simon, Tocqueville, Marx, and Mill.
Core concepts of strategic planning, management and analysis within the construction industry. Industry analysis, strategic planning models and industry trends. Strategies for information technology, emerging markets and globalization. Case studies to demonstrate key concepts in real-world environments. Priority given to graduate students in Construction Engineering and Management.
Prerequisites: One year of introductory biology or permission from the instuctor
Urban Ecology and Design will explore and evaluate the ecological potential of the designed urban environment. Students will work in interdisciplinary groups to study and evaluate the relationships between urban design and ecological performance through a series of case studies, field explorations, and studio visits. New York City will be used as a test site for analysis and students will work together to evaluate urban systems with regards to vegetation, wildlife, sediment management, water, energy, and pollution using techniques of visual mapping and the application of quantitative scientific criteria over multiple scales. The course offers a deeper understanding of the relationships that drive urban ecosystems, a critical evaluation of commonly used urban design techniques, and insights into how to better design functional ecosystems within the urban context.
This course is offered through the School of Professional Studies.
Best practice in energy management will always involve some level of complex engineering to survey existing conditions and predict energy savings from various improvement options. Sustainability managers need to understand how to manage and quality control that analysis and to translate the opportunity it reveals to decision makers within their organization. This class seeks to empower students to do that by providing an understanding of building systems and methods for quantitatively analyzing the performance of alternatives. At the end of this course, students will be able to be able to analyze the energy performance of an organization's buildings and operations in order to understand how it can reduce resource utilization and environmental impact. This class requires an understanding of Microsoft Excel and an enthusiasm for quantitative analysis. Although there are no prerequisites for the class, an ability to do some math is required. If you are not interested in dealing with technical information, this class is not for you. Note: This class expands on the 1st half the content for SUMA K4260 Dynamics of Energy Efficiency. There will be significant overlap of material between the two courses.
Capstone practicum where teams develop strategies and business plans for a new enterprise in the engineering and construction industry. Identification of attractive market segments and locations; development of an entry strategy; acquisition of financing, bonding and insurance; organizational design; plans for recruiting and retaining personnel; personnel compensation/incentives. Invited industry speakers. Priority given to graduate students in Construction Engineering and Management.
Prerequisites: IEOR E4003, CIEN E4133, or equivalent.
Examination of the fundamentals of infrastructure planning and management, with a focus on the application of rational methods that support infrastructure decision-making. Institutional environment and issues. Decision-making under certainty and uncertainty. Capital budgeting and financing. Group decision processes. Elements of decision and finance theory. Priority given to graduate students in Construction Engineering and Management.
Prerequisites: IEOR E2261, CIEN E3129, or instructor's permission.
Introduction to financial mechanics of public and private real-estate development and management. Working from perspectives of developers, investors and taxpayers, financing of several types of realestate and infrastructure projects are covered. Basics of real-estate accounting and finance, followed by in-depth studies of private, public, and public/private-partnership projects and their financial structures. Focused on U.S.-based financing, with some international practices introduced and explored. Financial risks and rewards, and pertinent capital markets and their financing roles. Impacts and incentives of various government programs, such as LEED certification and solar power tax credits. Case studies provide opportunity to compare U.S. practices to several international methods. Priority given to graduate students in Construction Engineering and Management.
Prerequisites: at least four terms of Greek, or the equivalent.
An intensive review of Greek syntax with translation of English sentences and paragraphs into Attic Greek.
Prerequisites: CSEE W4119 or the equivalent.
In this course, students will learn how to put "principles into practice," in a hands-on-networking lab course. The technologies and protocols of the internet will be covered, using equipment currently available to large internet service providers such as CISCO routers and end-systems. A set of laboratory experiments will provide hands-on experience with engineering wide-area networks and will familiarize students with the Internet Protocol (IP), Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), User Datagram Protocol (UDP) and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), the Domain Name System (DNS), routing protocols (RIP, OSPF, BGP), network management protocols (SNMP), and application-level protocols (FTP, TELNET, SMTP).
Prerequisites:
LATN W4139
or the equivalent.
The goal of this course is to improve students' knowledge of Latin style through reading of selected texts and exercises in imitation of the style of the various authors. The course assumes a very good reading knowledge of Latin.
This course is offered through the School of Professional Studies.
Global environmental threats have suddenly become part of our everyday life, both in the form of news on natural disasters in different parts of the world and through a series of new scientific discoveries. Scientific knowledge about our planet a s a system in which there is an interplay between the atmosphere, oceans, and land surfaces has increased dramatically in recent decades, In step with that development it is becoming progressively clearer that our political and economic systems must take these global challenges seriously. Sustainable development was launched 20 years ago as society's response to both to conventional social problems, such as poverty, conflicts and ill-health, and how to the new global environmental problems, such as climate change, the loss of biological diversity, water shortage and changes in land-use. That means that sustainability science is a broad scientific field which studies integrated social and natural systems, processes and structures and in which the objective of knowledge is the sustainable development of society. This interdisciplinary course seeks to provide a general overview in sustainability science and to help students develop new knowledge in order to better understand society's role as communities beginning transitioning towards sustainable development. Topics covered may include: Ecology, Ecosystems and Biodiversity, Human Populations and Development, Water: Hydrologic Cycle and Human Use, Soil: Foundation for Land Ecosystems, Traditional and New Energy Sources, Environmental Hazards and Human Health, Global Climate Change, Atmospheric Pollution, Water Pollution and Its Prevention, and Sustainable Development.
Prerequisites: elementary organic chemistry.
Introduction to theory and practice of NMR spectroscopy. Instrumental aspects, basic NMR theory, NOE, and a survey of 2D methods are covered.
This course is offered through the School of Professional Studies.
The sustainability of water resources is a critical issue facing society over the coming decades. Water resources are affected by changes not only in climate but also in population, economic growth, technological change, and other socioeconomic factors. In addition, they serve a dual purpose; water resources are critical to both human society and natural ecosystems. The objective of this course is to first provide students with a fundamental understanding of key hydrological processes. Students will then use this understanding to explore various sustainable strategies for integrated water resources management. Numerous case studies will be highlighted throughout the course to illustrate real world, practical challenges faced by water managers. Students will be asked to think critically and to use basic quantitative and management skills to answer questions related to sustainable water development. Considering the importance of water to society the understanding that students obtain from this course will be an essential part of their training in sustainable management.
Prerequisites: the instructor's permission.
Recommended for archaeology and physical anthropology students, pre-meds, and biology majors interested in the human skeletal system. Intensive study of human skeletal materials using anatomical and anthropological landmarks to assess sex, age, and ethnicity of bones. Other primate skeletal materials and fossil casts used for comparative study.
Adverse effects of air pollution, sources and transport media, monitoring and modeling of air quality, collection and treatment techniques, pollution prevention through waste minimalization and clean technologies, laws, regulations, standards, and guidelines.
The Institute of Social Research, founded in 1923 for the purposes of revitalizing Marxist studies in Germany and attached to the University of Frankfurt, became the source of what is now known as “the Frankfurt School of Critical Theory.” This course centers on the writings of the key figures associated with the “first generation” of the Frankfurt School: Max Horkheimer, Theodor Adorno, Walter Benjamin, Franz Neumann, Otto Kirchheimer, Friedrich Pollock, and Herbert Marcuse. In addition, it includes various background readings from thinkers whose works were key references for the critical theorists of the Frankfurt School: Immanuel Kant, G. W. F. Hegel, Karl Marx, Friedrich Nietzsche, Sigmund Freud, Max Weber, and György Lukács. The course takes the Holocaust as a turning point for the members of this group, as this event brought their conception of critical theory into a crisis, urged them to rethink their assumptions about the relationship between theory and practice, dampened their hopes for revolutionary social change, and compelled them to undertake a much more radical critique of the Enlightenment. We will study the changing and divergent trajectories of critical theory by covering a wide range of material, including different perspectives on reason and rationality, the relationship between theory and practice, intertwinement of freedom and domination in modernity, and pathologies of mass society. STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES Upon the completion of this course, students should be able to: Demonstrate broad factual knowledge of the intellectual origins, key figures, works, and approaches in the Frankfurt School of Critical Theory; Demonstrate an informed understanding of the political and normative arguments of selected theorists about key concepts (e.g. reason, progress, Enlightenment, reification); Compare and contrast different interpretations or analyses of the main problems or phenomena studied by selected theorists (e.g. industrial capitalism, Nazism, modern technology, mass culture); Write focused essays analyzing the key arguments, concepts, and issues or questions in assigned readings; Develop a clear and persuasive argument supported by textual evidence.
Prerequisites:
Calculus.
Corequisites: Refer to course syllabus.
This course covers the following topics: Fundamentals of probability theory and statistical inference used in engineering and applied science; Probabilistic models, random variables, useful distributions, expectations, law of large numbers, central limit theorem; Statistical inference: pint and confidence interval estimation, hypothesis tests, linear regression.
Prerequisites:
Calculus.
Corequisites: Refer to course syllabus.
This course covers the following topics: Fundamentals of probability theory and statistical inference used in engineering and applied science; Probabilistic models, random variables, useful distributions, expectations, law of large numbers, central limit theorem; Statistical inference: pint and confidence interval estimation, hypothesis tests, linear regression.
Continuation of MATH G4151x (see Fall listing).
Prerequisites:
MATH G4151
Analysis & Probability I.
Continuation of MATH G4152x (see fall listing).
“Pan Africanist” ideologies were very diverse from Garveyism, Negritude to the various African America, Caribbean and African discourses of “neo-pharaohnism” and “Ethiopianism.” This seminar explores how Black leaders, intellectuals, and artists chose to imagine Black (Africans and people of African descent) as a global community from the late 19th century to the present. It examines their attempts to chart a course of race, modernity, and emancipation in unstable and changing geographies of empire, nation, and state. Particular attention will be given to manifestations identified as their common history and destiny and how such a distinctive historical experience has created a unique body of reflections on and cultural productions about modernity, religion, class, gender, and sexuality, in a context of domination and oppression.
This course follows the spread and transformation of Christianity by Western missionaries in American, African, and Asian settings, from the late fifteenth through early nineteenth centuries. We examine what missionaries preached and urged others to believe and practice, and also what motivated missionaries, mission converts, and those who resisted proselytization. We also examine missions as sites of intercultural and colonial encounters with long-term impacts on politics, wars, and social dynamics.
Prerequisites:
MATH W4061
or
MATH V3007
.
A rigorous introduction to the concepts and methods of mathematical probability starting with basic notions and making use of combinatorial and analytic techniques. Generating functions. Convergence in probability and in distribution. Discrete probability spaces, recurrence and transience of random walks. Infinite models, proof of the law of large numbers and the central limit theorem. Markov chains.
Prerequisites:
COMS W3134
,
W3136
, or
W3137
;
W4156
is recommended. Strong programming background and some mathematical familiarity including linear algebra is required.
Introduction to computer graphics. Topics include 3D viewing and projections, geometric modeling using spline curves, graphics systems such as OpenGL, lighting and shading, and global illumination. Significant implementation is required: the final project involves writing an interactive 3D video game in OpenGL.
Generation, composition, collection, transport, storage and disposal of solid and hazardous waste. Impact on the environment and public health. Government regulations. Recycling and resource recovery.
Prerequisites: Introductory background in ecology (EEEB W2001, EEEB W2002 or similar course, e.g. EEEB 4110, BC2272)or permission from the instructor. Basic knowledge of R statistical software.
Landscape ecology is a sub-discipline of ecology that examines the development, causes and attributes of spatial patterns of landscapes and their implications for ecological processes. By its nature, landscape ecology draws from many other areas within ecology. The course will consider ecological processes at the individual, population, community, and ecosystem level. The ecology of landscapes is also critical to the development of management and restoration schemes that take into account biodiversity conservation, provision of ecosystem services, and human land use. The course will cover the conceptual underpinnings of landscape ecology and will introduce students to some of the tools used to analyze the structure and dynamics of landscapes. Students will also examine consequences of landscape patterns and dynamics for organisms and for the management and sustainability of landscapes. These skills prepare students to ask questions from a landscape perspective.
Prerequisites: the instructor's permission. Previous work in biblical studies or early Christianity preferred.
Examines the religious and social worlds of ancient Mediterranean gnosis alongside its modern remnants and appropriations. Special attention is paid to scholarly reconstructions of ancient "gnosticism" and to theoretical problems associated with the categories of orthodoxy and heresy in Christian history. Strong emphasis on reading primary sources in translation.
Prerequisites: BIOTECHNOLOGY LAW (BIOT W4160)
Course Objective This course – the first of its kind at Columbia – introduces students to a vital subfield of ethics focusing on patent and regulatory law in the biotech and pharmaceutical sectors. The course combines lectures, structured debate and research to best present this fascinating and nuanced subject. Successful completion of Biotechnology Law (W4160) is a course prerequisite, since properly exploring this branch of bioethics requires an indepth understanding of biotech and pharmaceutical patent and regulatory law.
Prerequisites:
COMS W4160
or equivalent, or the instructor's permission.
A second course in computer graphics covering more advanced topics including image and signal processing, geometric modeling with meshes, advanced image synthesis including ray tracing and global illumination, and other topics as time permits. Emphasis will be placed both on implementation of systems and important mathematical and geometric concepts such as Fourier analysis, mesh algorithms and subdivision, and Monte Carlo sampling for rendering. Note: Course will be taught every two years.
Prerequisites: elementary physical and organic chemistry.
Recommended preparation: elementary biochemistry. Tactics and techniques for the study of large molecules of biological importance, analysis of the conformation of proteins and nucleic acids; hydrodynamic, scattering, and spectroscopic techniques for examining macromolecular structure.
The African continent is home not to simply a collection of similar "African dialects," but to at least 1000 distinct languages that belong to five language families, none of them any more closely related than English and its relatives are to Japanese. This includes the Semitic languages that emerged in the Middle East and are now most commonly associated with Arabic and Hebrew, the famous "click" languages of Southern Africa whose origins are still shrouded by mystery, and in the case of Malagasy on Madagascar, the Austronesian family of Southeast Asia and Oceania - the language traces to speakers who travelled over the ocean from Borneo to Africa. This course will examine languages in all of these families, with a focus on how they demonstrate a wide array of linguistic processes and how they interact with social history, anthropology, and geography.
Prerequisites:
COMS W4160
,
COMS W4170
, or the instructor's permission.
Design, development, and evaluation of 3D user interfaces. Interaction techniques and metaphors, from desktop to immersive. Selection and manipulation. Travel and navigation. Symbolic, menu, gestural, and multimodal interaction. Dialogue design. 3D software support. 3D interaction devices and displays. Virtual and augmented reality. Tangible user interfaces. Review of relevant 3D math.
This course is offered through the School of Professional Studies.
Harnessing the power of financial markets to address environmental challenges is not a new idea, yet it offers one of the most promising mechanisms to deal with many of the world's most pressing issues including climate change, deforestation, acid rain, biodiversity and water. Environmental markets utilize transferable permits to control pollution, and have evolved from a little known policy tool to a broadly applied international program to address the largest global environmental challenges. The course will examine the theory and practice of environmental markets and will consider why emissions can now be traded. Climate change, carbon markets and the international agreements that underpin carbon markets will be discussed. The class will also look at the role of the public sector, including various U.N. agencies, multilaterals such as the World Bank, and various United States regulatory agencies including the Environmental Protection Agency, as well as the part played by the private sector. The course will end with a look to the future, to the role of the developing world, to the direction that international negotiations are heading and to programs such as avoided deforestation (REDD).
Continuation of MATH G4175x (see Fall listing).