Examines accounts of traveling or living in South America, Africa, and Germany from a postcolonial and transnational perspective. Discussion of German explorers, colonialism, global tourism, multiculturalism, focusing on the relationship between mobility and the formation of African, Jewish, Turkish bicultural identities in different historical contexts and geographical settings. Close attention to the role of language, ideology, and itinerary in visual, aural, and written records by A.v.Humboldt, Merian, J. Baker, Massaquoi, Wackwitz, Oezdamar, Akin. [In English]
(Lecture). Six novels and some non-fictional prose: Jacob's Room, Mrs. Dalloway, To the Lighthouse, Orlando, The Waves, Between the Acts; A Room of One's Own, Three Guineas.
Prerequisites: CHEM BC2001 or equivalent. Credit will not be given for any course below the 3000 level after completing CHEM BC3230 or its equivalent. Lecture: MWF: 11:00-11:50.
Corequisites: With lab, counts towards Lab Science requirement.
Atomic and molecular structure; stereochemistry of organic molecules; introduction to organic reactions, reaction mechanisms, and synthesis.
The course offers an introduction into the history of Russia and the Sovient Union in the twentieth century. It combines lectures and discussion sections as well as survey texts and a selection of sources, including documents generated by state/party bodies, various documents produced by individual authors (especially diaries, letters, and memoirs), and some film materials. Putting the Soviet phenomenon into its wider intellectual, cultural, and geographical contexts, we will also address questions of modernity and modernization, socialism and communism, and authoritarian practices in politics, culture, and society. Field(s): MEU
Prerequisites: Organic Chemistry I. Optional parallel laboratory work: CHEM BC3338. CHEM C1404 is not an acceptable equivalent for CHEM BC3232; students who have taken even a single semester of organic chemistry will not receive subsequent credit for C1404. Lecture: MWF 10:00-10:50.
Selected aspects of general chemistry, primarily for pre-health professions and biological science students who have taken Organic Chemistry. Thermodynamics, equilibrium, kinetics, complex ions and coordination compounds, and radiochemistry, with applications to analytical chemistry and biochemistry.
This course deals with the American Presidency as an institution and the behavior of the 43 men who have managed that institution. Lectures cover the origins of the office, growing out of the experience of the Constitution's framers; the growth of presidential power; presidential personality and leadership style; the changing character of the nomination process and permanent campaign; executive branch agencies that function as "presidential adjuncts;" and presidential accountability.
Prerequisites: Permission of instructor.
(Seminar). This course examines the centrality of melodrama to modern definitions of race, gender, and sexuality by analyzing how the genre's narrative and visual devices encode the historical transformations of these identity categories. The course centers on three tropes: the pathologization of transgressive desire, sexual violence, and interracial violence. We will begin with Gone with the Wind in order to establish a vocabulary for describing melodrama's formal characteristics and then move backward to analyze the codification of the aforementioned tropes on the nineteenth-century stage. We will then examine how postwar Hollywood film uses these tropes in order to translate the dehumanization and restriction experienced by women, queers and African-Americans into feelings of melancholy and resignation which critics argue defer political critique. Our course concludes with the relationship between melodrama and identity politics by studying how post-1968 work responding to sexual assault, LGBT rights and AIDS appropriates melodramatic conventions in order to declare an explicitly political project. Texts include the dramas Camille, Tosca, The Octoroon, and Angels in America; the films Black Narcissus, The Children's Hour, Imitation of Life, and Milk; the course ends with the television serials Mad Men and Orange is the New Black. Students will also be introduced to feminist, queer and critical race scholarship on affect theory and the relation between identity politics and representation. Application instructions: E-mail the instructor (vcw2106@columbia.edu) with your name, school, major, year of study, and relevant courses taken, along with a brief statement about why you are interested in taking the course. Admitted students should register for the course; they will automatically be placed on a wait list from which the instructor will in due course admit them as spaces become available.
Prerequisites: The prerequisites for this course are V1002 Fundamentals of Western Music and the instructor's permission. Permission of instructor. Music majors and concentrators have priority.
Composition in shorter forms. Basic issues of musical structure and expression are explored in traditional and contemporary repertory.
Prerequisites:
FREN W2202
Intermediate French II.
French socio-political issues and language through the prism of film. Especially designed for non-majors wishing to further develop their French language skills and learn about French culture. Each module includes assignments targeting the four language competencies: reading, writing, speaking and oral comprehension, as well as cultural understanding. Note: this course does not count toward the French major or concentration.
Prerequisites: CHEM BC3231, MATH V1101, and permission of instructor.
Corequisites: CHEM BC3338
Survey of topics appropriate for a student majoring in chemistry or biochemistry, including examinations of uncertainty analysis and data processing, use of basic laboratory equipment, complex equilibria (pH, solubility, etc.), advanced solution chemistry and chemical activity, and the theoretical foundations of modern techniques in electrochemistry, chromatography and analytical experimental techniques.
Prerequisites: Students must have taken Theory III or by permission of the instructor. Students proficient on any instrument will be invited to perform their own or other student pieces. It is not however, a requirement of enrollment.
An exploration of tonal rhythmic, melodic and harmonic practice expressed in model compositions. Projects will be based on a variety of genre, techniques and idioms to include Baroque fugues, Classical minuets, variations, and sonata-form movements; Romantic songs and preludes. Analyses of compositions by, among others, Bach, Handel, Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert and Schumann will serve as models.
Why and how does some of the best writing come out of TV, as currently universally acknowledged? The course will take a close look at American TV drama, from the "Golden Age" of the 1950s to the dramatic complexity found in recent Cable series. We will begin with prestigious writers Rod Serling and Paddy Chayefsky, study groundbreaking mini-series like "Roots" and "Holocaust," and explore how shows such as "Hill Street Blues" and "Twin Peaks" laid the groundwork for Cable series including "The Sopranos," "The Wire," "Mad Men" and "Breaking Bad."
Prerequisites: DNCE BC2248x, y or permission of instructor.
Architecture, sculpture, and painting of ancient Rome from the second century B.C. to the end of the Roman Empire in the West.
Prerequisites: CHEN E3110 or ENME E3161 or equiv, SIEO W3600 or equiv, or instructor's permission
A quantitative introduction to hydrologic and hydraulic systems, with a focus on integrated modeling and analysis of the water cycle and associated mass transport for water resources and environmental engineering. Coverage of unit hydrologic processes such as precipitation, evaporation, infiltration, runoff generation, open channel and pipe flow, subsurface flow and well hydraulics in the context of example watersheds and specific integrative problems such as risk-based design for flood control, provision of water, and assessment of environmental impact or potential for non-point source pollution. Spatial hydrologic analysis using GIS and watershed models.
Prerequisites: Permission of instructor.
(Seminar).This course will explore how the genre of science fiction developed in dialogue with the exciting and sometimes eccentric scientific theories that emerged during the nineteenth century. How did new scientific developments such as evolutionary theory in biology, and the atomic theory in physics, reshape how writers viewed the relationships between human and animal, self and other, space and time, body and mind? Did technological and scientific progress open up utopian vistas for humanity's future, or were they more likely to lead to dystopian nightmares? How did departing from traditional realist modes enable Victorian science fiction writers to explore the ethical, social, and political implications of scientific theories? To investigate these questions, we will read major works of fiction by such authors as George Eliot, H.G. Wells, Robert Louis Stevenson, William Morris, Jules Verne, and others alongside selections of scientific prose in such fields of Victorian science as biology, physics, mathematics, and psychology. Application instructions: E-mail the instructor (rjh2138@columbia.edu) with your name, school, major, year of study, and relevant courses taken, along with a brief statement about why you are interested in taking the course. Admitted students should register for the course; they will automatically be placed on a wait list from which the instructor will in due course admit them as spaces become available.
Prerequisites: CHEM BC3231, PHYS BC2001, PHYS BC 2002, MATH V1102 or MATH V1201. Lecture: MWF 10:00-10:50.
Introduction to the laws of thermodynamics; application primarily to ideal systems. Free energy and equilibrium. Kinetics: rate laws and mechanisms, experimental techniques.
American Government & Politics
Prerequisites: POLS W1201 or an equivalent. Not an introductory course. Not open to students who have taken the colloquium POLS BC3302. Enrollment limited to 25 students; L-course sign-up.
Examines the first amendment rights of speech, press, religion and assembly. In-depth analysis of landmark Supreme Court rulings provides the basis for exploring theoretical antecedents as well as contemporary applications of such doctrines as freedom of association, libel, symbolic speech, obscenity, hate speech, political speech, commercial speech, freedom of the press and religion. (Cross-listed by the American Studies Program.)
Prerequisites: EAEE E3200 or ENME E3161 or MECE E3100
Sources of solid/gaseous air pollution and the technologies used for modern methods of abatement. Air pollution and its abatement from combustion of coal, oil, and natural gas and the thermodynamics of heat engines in power generation. Catalytic emission control is contrasted to thermal processes for abating carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, oxides of nitrogen and sulfur from vehicles and stationary sources. Processing of petroleum for generating fuels. Technological challenges of controlling greenhouse gas emissions. Biomass and the hydrogen economy coupled with fuel cells as future sources of energy.
Introduction to engineering problems faced by developing communities and exploration of design solutions in the context of real project with a community client. Emphasis is on the design of sustainable suolutions that take account of social, economical, and governance issues, and that can be implemented now or in the near futre. The course is open to all undergraduate engineering students. Multidisciplinary teamwork and approaches are stressed. Outside lecturers are used to address issues specific to developing communities and the particular project under consideration.
Prerequisites: FILM BC3201 or equivalent. Enrollment limited to 12 students. Priority is given to Film Studies majors/concentrations in order of class seniority. Sign-up with the English Department is required. Registering for the course only through myBarnard or SSOL will NOT ensure your enrollment. The date, time, and location that Film sign-up sheets go up is listed here: http://film.barnard.edu/sign-ups
Corequisites: Please note that since this is a Film course, it does not count as a writing course for English majors with a Writing Concentration.
This course will focus on the primary part of television production: it will enable the students to have concrete experiences of collaborative writing-producing through the simulation of a TV writers' room, aiming to create the pilot and bible of either a web series or a web anthology of short films with a common theme. Through a number of creative exercises specifically catered to the brainstorming process and to project development in a collaborative manner, students learn how to run and be part of a room, how to achieve the right form and structure for each part of the storytelling process, and how to treat each element in its own right while not losing focus of the big picture.
Prerequisites:
COMS W3203
.
Corequisites:
COMS W3134
,
W3136
, or
W3137
.
Regular languages: deterministic and non-deterministic finite automata, regular expressions. Context-free languages: context-free grammars, push-down automata. Turing machines, the Chomsky hierarchy, and the Church-Turing thesis. Introduction to Complexity Theory and NP-Completeness.
This course examines gender as a flexible but persistent boundary that continues to organize our work lives and our home lives, as well as the relationship between the two spheres. We will explore the ways in which gender affects how work is structured; the relationship between work and home; the household as a place of paid (and unpaid) labor; and how changes in the global economy affect gender and work identities.
Prerequisites:
ECON W3211
and
W3213
.
Introduction to the principles of money and banking. The intermediary institutions of the American economy and their historical developments, current issues in monetary and financial reform.
This course examines gender as a flexible but persistent boundary that continues to organize our work lives and our home lives, as well as the relationship between the two spheres. We will explore the ways in which gender affects how work is structured; the relationship between work and home; the household as a place of paid (and unpaid) labor; and how changes in the global economy affect gender and work identities.
Study of contemporary Latin American narrative; its origins and apotheosis. Readings include Machado de Assis, Borges, Garcia Marquez, Puig, and others.
Prerequisites: CHEM BC3231x or Permission of Instructor. Lecture: TuTh 8:40-9:55.
Structure, bonding and spectroscopy in inorganic compounds: applications of group theory to chemistry; ligand field theory; vibrational and electronic spectroscopy of transition metal complexes; selected topics from coordination chemistry, organometallics, bioinorganic chemistry, solid state and materials chemistry, mineralogy, and biogeochemistry.
Until its declaration of independence in 1991, Ukraine, Europe’s second-largest country, has been divided and controlled by Russia, Lithuania, Poland, Austria, Turkey and the Soviet Union. As a result, a history of Ukraine was interpreted as an integral component of the historical narratives of these neighboring countries, which governed the parts of Ukrainian territory. The Russian Empire and then the USSR have maintained their political control over Ukraine since 1654 until 1991, during the longest period of Ukrainian history. Eventually, the Russian and subsequently Soviet historical narrative prevailed in the interpretation of the Ukrainian past. In this interpretation, Ukraine lost its independent historical existence. Unfortunately, this Russian/Soviet historical narrative was adopted by historians in the West, particularly in the United States. Moreover, this narrative also ignored the crucial role of Ukraine not only in a formation of the medieval Russian civilization, beginning with Kievan Rus, but also in unmaking the Russian Empire in 1917, the Soviet Union in 1991, and its successor, the Commonwealth of Independent States, following Maidan Revolution and Russian annexation of Crimea in 2014.
Prerequisites: One year of organic chemistry. Lecture: MWF 9-9:50 AM.
Survey of topics in structural, mechanistic, and synthetic organic chemistry, including molecular orbital treatment of structure, bonding, and chemical reactivity; elucidation of organic reaction mechanisms; pericyclic reactions; stereoelectronic effects; reactive intermediates; asymmetric reactions; and natural product total synthesis.
The upper level undergraduate Sustainable Development Workshop will be modeled on client based graduate-level workshops, but with more time devoted to methods of applied policy analysis and issues in Sustainable Development. The heart of the course is the group project on an issue of sustainable development with a faculty advisor providing guidance and ultimately grading student performance. Students would receive instruction on methodology, group work, communication and the context of policy analysis. Much of the reading in the course would be project-specific and identified by the student research teams. Offered in Fall and Spring. For registration issues contact Jessica Sotomayor (jsotomayor@ei.columbia.edu).
Prerequisites: CHEM BC3282 or equivalent.
Advanced topics in the field of biochemistry, including enzyme mechanisms, pharmaceutical drug design, and disease therapies. Emphasis will be placed on discussion of current scientific literature.
Prerequisites: No prerequisites. Departmental approval NOT required.
Whether texting, chatting, conversing, speechifying, recounting, confiding, gossiping, tweeting, praying, interviewing, exhorting, pitching, scheming, lecturing, nagging or begging, humans love to talk, and readers love narratives that contain dialogue. Good dialogue makes characters and scenes feel real and alive. Great dialogue reveals characters' fears, desires and quirks, forwards the narrative's plot and dramatic tension, and often contains subtext. In this course, we'll read different kinds of novels and stories -- from noir to horror to sci-fi to realistice drama to comic romp -- that implement various types of dialogue effectively, and we'll study how to do it. We'll read essays by masters that explain techniques for writing great dialogue, and we'll practice writing different styles of dialogue ourselves. Coursework will consist of reading, in-class exercises, and two short creative assignments.
Prerequisites: No prerequisites. Departmental approval NOT required.
Character is something that good fiction supposedly cannot do without. But what is a character, and what constitutes a supposedly good or believable one? Should characters be like people we know, and if so, how exactly do we create written versions of people? This class will examine characters in all sorts of writing, historical and contemporary, with an eye toward understanding just how characters are created in fiction, and how they come to seem real to us. We'll read stories and novels; we may also look at essays and biographical writing to analyze where the traces of personhood reside. We'll also explore the way in which these same techniques of writing allow us to personify entities that lack traditional personhood, such as animals, computers, and other nonhuman characters. Does personhood precede narrative, or is it something we bestow on others by allowing them to tell their story or by telling a story of our own creation on their behalf? Weekly critical and creative exercises will intersect with and expand on the readings and discussions.
Corequisites: APMA E3102.
Vector analysis, electrostatic fields, Laplace's equation, multipole expansions, electric fields in matter: dielectrics, magnetostatic fields, magnetic materials, and superconductors. Applications of electromagnetism to devices and research areas in applied physics.
Prerequisites: one year each of Introductory Biology and General Chemistry.
Corequisites: Organic Chemistry. Primarily aimed at nontraditional students and undergraduates who have course conflicts with
BIOC C3501
.
Biochemistry is the study of the chemical processes within organisms that give rise to the immense complexity of life. This complexity emerges from a highly regulated and coordinated flow of chemical energy from one biomolecule to another. This course serves to familiarize students with the spectrum of biomolecules (carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, nucleic acids, etc.) as well as the fundamental chemical processes (glycolysis, citric acid cycle, fatty acid metabolism, etc.) that allow life to happen. In particular, this course will employ active learning techniques and critical thinking problem-solving to engage students in answering the question: how is the complexity of life possible? NOTE: While Organic Chemistry is listed as a corequisite, it is highly recommended that you take Organic Chemistry beforehand.
Prerequisites:
fulfillment of the
language requirement
.
Corequisites:
formerly
SPAN W3200
and
SPAN BC3004
. If you have taken either of these courses before you can not take
SPAN W3300
.
An intensive exposure to advanced points of Spanish grammar and structure through written and oral practice, along with an introduction to the basic principles of academic composition in Spanish. Each section is based on the exploration of an ample theme that serves as the organizing principle for the work done in class (Please consult the Directory of Classes for the topic of each section.) This course is required for the major and the concentration in Hispanic Studies.
Prerequisites:
fulfillment of the
language requirement
.
Corequisites:
formerly
SPAN W3200
and
SPAN BC3004
. If you have taken either of these courses before you can not take
SPAN W3300
.
An intensive exposure to advanced points of Spanish grammar and structure through written and oral practice, along with an introduction to the basic principles of academic composition in Spanish. Each section is based on the exploration of an ample theme that serves as the organizing principle for the work done in class (Please consult the Directory of Classes for the topic of each section.) This course is required for the major and the concentration in Hispanic Studies.
Prerequisites:
fulfillment of the
language requirement
.
Corequisites:
formerly
SPAN W3200
and
SPAN BC3004
. If you have taken either of these courses before you can not take
SPAN W3300
.
An intensive exposure to advanced points of Spanish grammar and structure through written and oral practice, along with an introduction to the basic principles of academic composition in Spanish. Each section is based on the exploration of an ample theme that serves as the organizing principle for the work done in class (Please consult the Directory of Classes for the topic of each section.) This course is required for the major and the concentration in Hispanic Studies.
Prerequisites:
fulfillment of the
language requirement
.
Corequisites:
formerly
SPAN W3200
and
SPAN BC3004
. If you have taken either of these courses before you can not take
SPAN W3300
.
An intensive exposure to advanced points of Spanish grammar and structure through written and oral practice, along with an introduction to the basic principles of academic composition in Spanish. Each section is based on the exploration of an ample theme that serves as the organizing principle for the work done in class (Please consult the Directory of Classes for the topic of each section.) This course is required for the major and the concentration in Hispanic Studies.
Prerequisites:
fulfillment of the
language requirement
.
Corequisites:
formerly
SPAN W3200
and
SPAN BC3004
. If you have taken either of these courses before you can not take
SPAN W3300
.
An intensive exposure to advanced points of Spanish grammar and structure through written and oral practice, along with an introduction to the basic principles of academic composition in Spanish. Each section is based on the exploration of an ample theme that serves as the organizing principle for the work done in class (Please consult the Directory of Classes for the topic of each section.) This course is required for the major and the concentration in Hispanic Studies.
Prerequisites:
fulfillment of the
language requirement
.
Corequisites:
formerly
SPAN W3200
and
SPAN BC3004
. If you have taken either of these courses before you can not take
SPAN W3300
.
An intensive exposure to advanced points of Spanish grammar and structure through written and oral practice, along with an introduction to the basic principles of academic composition in Spanish. Each section is based on the exploration of an ample theme that serves as the organizing principle for the work done in class (Please consult the Directory of Classes for the topic of each section.) This course is required for the major and the concentration in Hispanic Studies.
Prerequisites:
fulfillment of the
language requirement
.
Corequisites:
formerly
SPAN W3200
and
SPAN BC3004
. If you have taken either of these courses before you can not take
SPAN W3300
.
An intensive exposure to advanced points of Spanish grammar and structure through written and oral practice, along with an introduction to the basic principles of academic composition in Spanish. Each section is based on the exploration of an ample theme that serves as the organizing principle for the work done in class (Please consult the Directory of Classes for the topic of each section.) This course is required for the major and the concentration in Hispanic Studies.
Prerequisites: Completion of the language requirement. "L" course; enrollment limited to 15 students. IMPORTANT: This course replaces the former W3200 and BC3004. If you have taken those courses, do not enroll for W3300. Although section topics vary, you may only take 3300 ONCE.
Content-based advanced study of selected aspects of grammar and vocabulary, aimed at increasing proficiency in speaking, listening comprehension, and reading comprehension, with a special emphasis on writing. Topic varies according to instructor. Sections and topics taught at the Department of Spanish and Latin American Cultures include: Hispanic Cultures in the Age of Globalization; Translating Cultures - Advanced Spanish for Native Speakers; Cultura - An Online Cross-Cultural Dialogue; Reading and Interpreting Narrative; Theatre & Society in Contemporary Spain; Short Stories in Latin America; and Immigration and U. S. Educational Policies.
Prerequisites: Completion of the language requirement. "L" course; enrollment limited to 15 students. IMPORTANT: This course replaces the former W3200 and BC3004. If you have taken those courses, do not enroll for W3300. Although section topics vary, you may only take 3300 ONCE.
Content-based advanced study of selected aspects of grammar and vocabulary, aimed at increasing proficiency in speaking, listening comprehension, and reading comprehension, with a special emphasis on writing. Topic varies according to instructor. Sections and topics taught at the Department of Spanish and Latin American Cultures include: Hispanic Cultures in the Age of Globalization; Translating Cultures - Advanced Spanish for Native Speakers; Cultura - An Online Cross-Cultural Dialogue; Reading and Interpreting Narrative; Theatre & Society in Contemporary Spain; Short Stories in Latin America; and Immigration and U. S. Educational Policies.
Prerequisites:
fulfillment of the
language requirement
.
Corequisites:
formerly
SPAN W3200
and
SPAN BC3004
. If you have taken either of these courses before you can not take
SPAN W3300
.
An intensive exposure to advanced points of Spanish grammar and structure through written and oral practice, along with an introduction to the basic principles of academic composition in Spanish. Each section is based on the exploration of an ample theme that serves as the organizing principle for the work done in class (Please consult the Directory of Classes for the topic of each section.) This course is required for the major and the concentration in Hispanic Studies.
Prerequisites: Permission of the instructor and writing sample required.
Students will develop original dramatic scripts. Students will also read drafts of writers currently produced on New York stages to understand why changes and rewrites were made. Recommended for students undertaking a senior thesis in playwriting.
Prerequisites:
CHNS W3301
: Classical Chinese I; completion of three years of modern Chinese at least, or four years of Japanese or Korean.
This course examines the long-standing cultural presence in New York City of peoples of Latin American and Spanish Caribbean descent. Beginning with a brief overview of key grounding concepts to trace the development of New York Latino cultural identity, we then examine the cultural foundations of Latino communities in New York, dating back to the nineteenth century. We proceed to study the mass migrations of Puerto Ricans during the post-WWII period, and the consequent political and aesthetic movements of the 1960s and 1970s. We examine the plurality of cultural expressions and identities grouped under the rubric Latin@ which involves focusing on the particularities of race, gender, class, sexuality, class, and language. Finally, we examine the growing and diversified presence of immigrants from all over the Spanish-speaking world, from the mid-1970s onward, a “Latino boom” which solidified the place of Nueva York (to paraphrase author Luis Rafael Sánchez) as the symbolic capital of the Spanish-speaking world.
Prerequisites: No prerequisites. Department approval NOT required.
The modern short story has gone through many transformations, and the innovations of its practitioners have often pointed the way for prose fiction as a whole. The short story has been seized upon and refreshed by diverse cultures and aesthetic affiliations, so that perhaps the only stable definition of the form remains the famous one advanced by Poe, one of its early masters, as a work of fiction that can be read in one sitting. Still, common elements of the form have emerged over the last century and this course will study them, including Point of View, Plot, Character, Setting, and Theme. John Hawkes once famously called these last four elements the "enemies of the novel," and many short story writers have seen them as hindrances as well. Hawkes later recanted, though some writers would still agree with his earlier assessment, and this course will examine the successful strategies of great writers across the spectrum of short story practice, from traditional approaches to more radical solutions, keeping in mind how one period's revolution - Hemingway, for example - becomes a later era's mainstream or "common-sense" storytelling mode. By reading the work of major writers from a writer's perspective, we will examine the myriad techniques employed for what is finally a common goal: to make readers feel. Short writing exercises will help us explore the exhilarating subtleties of these elements and how the effects created by their manipulation or even outright absence power our most compelling fictions.
Prerequisites: BIOL BC2100 OR BIOL BC3310 (which can be taken as corequisites) or permission of instructor. Enrollment limited to 16.
Introduction to the use of molecular techniques to answer questions about subcellular biological phenomena. Techniques include isolation of genomic and plasmid DNAs, restriction enzyme analysis, DNA and protein electrophoresis, bacterial transformation, and plasmid subcloning.
A project on civil engineering subjects approved by the chairman of the department. Lab fee: $200.