Policymaking—the process by which political actors make decisions on a range of issues—is strongly influenced by context. The political environment in which policymakers interact plays a central role in shaping agendas, strategies, and choices. To be successful, policy professionals must be able to navigate a complicated set of political institutions that can constrain the menu of policy options, engage with multiple actors and stakeholders, and become familiar with dynamically changing technological and media environments. This course will give students important foundational knowledge on the way in which political contexts shape policymaking around the world.
The course has four parts. The first will focus on the policy process. We will learn what factors commonly influence policymakers’ decisions and discuss how solutions to policy problems can be evaluated in a policy analysis framework. The second part will focus on democracy and democratic erosion. We will learn about the rise and decline of democratic institutions and discuss factors that have shown to weaken democratic processes around the globe, including corruption, identity politics and polarization, and mis/disinformation.
In the third part of the course, we will delve into politics in the era of artificial intelligence. We will learn how AI tools such as large language models are shaping policy around the world, and discuss their potential impact on the information environment in a range of political domains. The final part of the course will focus on contentious politics. We will learn about recent debates on the politics of immigration, as well as protests and activism around the world, and discuss their influence on policymakers’ decision making.
In addition to the material covered in the lectures, students will also attend a weekly recitation section. Recitation sections will help students gain a deeper understanding of concepts and topics discussed in the lectures that will be important for success in the final exam.
Policymaking—the process by which political actors make decisions on a range of issues—is strongly influenced by context. The political environment in which policymakers interact plays a central role in shaping agendas, strategies, and choices. To be successful, policy professionals must be able to navigate a complicated set of political institutions that can constrain the menu of policy options, engage with multiple actors and stakeholders, and become familiar with dynamically changing technological and media environments. This course will give students important foundational knowledge on the way in which political contexts shape policymaking around the world.
The course has four parts. The first will focus on the policy process. We will learn what factors commonly influence policymakers’ decisions and discuss how solutions to policy problems can be evaluated in a policy analysis framework. The second part will focus on democracy and democratic erosion. We will learn about the rise and decline of democratic institutions and discuss factors that have shown to weaken democratic processes around the globe, including corruption, identity politics and polarization, and mis/disinformation.
In the third part of the course, we will delve into politics in the era of artificial intelligence. We will learn how AI tools such as large language models are shaping policy around the world, and discuss their potential impact on the information environment in a range of political domains. The final part of the course will focus on contentious politics. We will learn about recent debates on the politics of immigration, as well as protests and activism around the world, and discuss their influence on policymakers’ decision making.
In addition to the material covered in the lectures, students will also attend a weekly recitation section. Recitation sections will help students gain a deeper understanding of concepts and topics discussed in the lectures that will be important for success in the final exam.
Civic Innovation: Design in Practice & Imagination is an introduction to how human-centered design methodologies are being used in government contexts and to the human questions that preoccupy designers working to innovate around policy and service delivery. The course explores the utility of design methods for addressing current-day public-sector and social challenges – and for inventing the policy and social solutions of the future. This new seminar course brings together readings in social theory, applied methods from design-driven innovation practice, and student-led case studies in current and future civic innovation efforts. Its particular focus is on broadening students' understanding of results-oriented civic innovation tactics to encompass ongoing debates around power, data, embodiment, community, craft, and meaning.
This course will provide students with a comprehensive introduction to the impact of armed conflict on children, the United Nations’ children and armed conflict (CAAC) mandate, and efforts to end and prevent children’s suffering. Upon completing this course, students will have an understanding of: the six grave violations and other abuses impacting children in armed conflict; the legal and normative frameworks for protecting children in armed conflict; the key mechanisms and actors leading international efforts to protect children in armed conflict; contemporary challenges and ethical dilemmas undermining the effective protection of children in armed conflict.
International migration's substantial economic and social effects are at the forefront of today's academic discussion, international debate as well as national policy strategies. This course introduces students to the key notions, norms, and narratives of international migration from economic, legal, sociological, international relations, and normative perspectives. Students will learn about transnational livelihood strategies and channels through which migration and migrants can enhance human development especially in their countries of origin, while creating better opportunities for themselves and contributing to their communities of destination. This includes in-depth discussions of the determinants, flows and effects of emigration, immigration, return, financial and social remittances, and diaspora investment. Highlighting migration phenomena in different scenarios in the global North, as well as in the global South, the course emphasizes the agency of migrants and gender differences in the experiences and effects, as well as the role their legal status plays. It will address the root causes of migration and the protection of migrants' human, social and labor rights. The course also furthers participants' understanding of the policy responses in both, the international and the domestic spheres. To this end, it introduces students to key policies and governance schemes, including temporary labor migration programs, bilateral labor migration agreements, and diaspora engagement institutions.
This course is designed to provide an introduction to the process of political development. It introduces a set of analytic tools based on the strategic perspective of political science and political economy to evaluate the current debates in political development and to draw policy-relevant conclusions. Throughout the course, we will discuss the political dimensions and challenges of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, along with the 17 Sustainable Development Goals and their transformations as modular building blocks. First, we explore the politics of economic development: the role of leadership, political systems, and institutions in promoting growth. We study the mechanisms that underlie the persistence of poverty. Utilizing numerous country case studies, we will answer: What is political development? What explains why some countries have prospered while others remain poor, violent, or unequal? Why do we observe growth, stability and freedoms in some and not in others? Second, we will explore the causes and consequences of the state, political institutions, and democracy. What is at the root of state capacity, political participation, and other aspects of political development? What is the role of property rights and rule of law in development? How do we promote gender equality and empowerment? How do we detect and mitigate the effects of corruption? How do we foster political stability? In the third part of the course, we will focus on policies that foster stability and development. We will critically examine the effects of Western intervention in the developing world, historical legacies of slavery and colonialism, and the various tools of foreign policy: aid, democracy promotion and military interventions. We will further explore the extent to which outside interventions alleviated poverty and whether it improved public goods provision or promoted political stability. Finally, the course will consider the role of emerging powers in the context of global governance and their influence on the future course of development in the Global South.
Averting the deepest climate crisis and mitigating the substantial financial costs of global warming and its consequences will require the decarbonization of the world’s energy systems by 2050, necessitating trillions of dollars of public and private investment. Pathways and policies are not clear or are inconsistent on the respective roles of public and private investment, and often overlook the myriad structural legal and institutional barriers to scaling both. The absence of coherent policy frameworks has also led to a proliferation of voluntary private-sector initiatives, including the explosion of “ESG investing.” Many of the challenges of sustainable investment are approached in silos - focusing specifically on public finance or on private capital, or on certain sectors, technologies, or impacts.
This course is decidedly interdisciplinary. We will explore the myriad interrelated challenges to investing in the energy transition, to see why the ‘big picture’ is important for really understanding policies or practices at a granular level. Students will leave the class with a critical understanding of the complexities of investing in the energy transition and how to understand and navigate various
tensions and trade-offs.
The seminar will offer an insider perspective on current issues facing the Federal Reserve and detail the various interconnections between the Fed and financial markets. The course will examine and compare the extraordinary policy actions of the Fed in response to recent crises: the global financial crisis of 2007-2009, the pandemic financial stress of 2020, and the banking crisis of March 2023. In addition, the seminar will study the evolution of the Fed’s monetary policy framework, including specifics on the Fed’s market transactions, and will also explore key concepts of the financial system that are relevant to the central bank and fundamental to financial stability.
There will also be a focus on other topical issues relevant for the Federal Reserve. For the Fall 2023 semester, current issues include the shifting outlook for the Fed’s monetary policy, central bank independence and the politicization of the Fed, the escalating focus on the potential for central banks to issue digital currencies, and other emerging topics.
The purpose of this course is to enable you to become an informed user of financial information. To be properly informed you need to understand financial statements, the note disclosures and the language of accounting and financial reporting. We will focus on the three major financial statements – the balance sheet, the income statement and the statement of cash flows - that companies prepare for use by management and external parties. We will examine the underlying concepts that go into the preparation of these financial statements as well as specific accounting rules that apply when preparing financial statements. As we gain an understanding of the financial information, we will look at approaches to analyze the financial strength and operations of an entity. We will use actual financial statements to understand how financial information is presented.
This course provides an introduction to the political economy of financial and international monetary policy, presenting both theoretical perspectives and more policy-oriented concerns. The course requires no knowledge of formal economic models, but it does presume familiarity with basic concepts in open economy macroeconomics and finance. Students without this background may find several sections of the course very difficult. The course has three main sections. The first examines the political economy of the global monetary system. We begin by surveying the evolution of international monetary arrangements from the gold standard period to the present day. Then we analyze the difficulties posed by floating rates and capital mobility as well as the global imbalances that have been frequent features of contemporary times. In addition, we examine the Euro crisis and trace its origins to the establishment of the monetary union. The second section examines the political economy of financial policy, regulation and central banking. The role of financial policy in economic development, especially of industry, in developing and emerging market countries is the primary lens for exploring this topic. The final section considers financial crises, with a special focus on the Asian financial crisis of 1997/98 and 2007/08 global crisis that had its origins in the United States.
This core course explores welfare systems from a comparative perspective and analyzes the political, economic, socio-cultural, and historical factors that shape and sustain them in advanced industrialized countries. It pays particular attention to the development of key national social welfare policies, such as social security, health care, unemployment insurance, social assistance, childcare, tax expenditure, and public employment and training, and emerging best practice in these areas. The course also identifies pressing global/regional trends (e.g. greying of societies, labor market stratification, and persistent gender inequality) and compares how developed and developing countries address them through policy.
The course translates the academic study of organization theory, bureaucracy, and public management into practical lessons for sustainability professionals. We develop a framework for understanding and applying tools that can be used to influence organizational behavior and obtain resources from the organization’s environment. Earth systems-related case studies present a set of problems for public managers to address. Case studies deal with public, private, and nonprofit environmental management, in the United States and internationally.
Studying developing cities, such as Johannesburg, Sao Paulo, and Shanghai, has never been more important. Over half of the world's population is now urban. As cities continue to expand, metropolitan areas around the globe face a growing number of challenges, including: sprawl, poor sanitation, poverty, pollution, corruption, and crime. This course in comparative urban policy will help you develop a keener understanding of these challenges. Our focus will be on how academics and analysts study and debate global developing cities. We will explore questions, such as: What accounts for the global pace of migration from rural to urban places in our time? What are the major challenges facing developing cities? What strategies do individuals, neighborhoods, and economic interest groups have available to influence, and to optimize their experiences in developing cities? How well are developing cities' urban governance and planning geared to resolve controversies and, where appropriate, implement effective remedies? What can we learn from innovative change initiatives?
This course provides a rigorous survey of the key areas of natural science that are critical to understanding sustainable development. The course will provide the theories, methodological techniques and applications associated with each natural science unit presented. The teaching is designed to ensure that students have the natural science basis to properly appreciate the co-dependencies of natural and human systems, which are central to understanding sustainable development. Students will learn the complexities of the interaction between the natural and human environment. After completing the course, students should be able to incorporate scholarly scientific work into their research or policy decisions and be able to use scientific methods of data analysis. This is a modular course that will cover core thematic areas specifically, climate, natural hazards, water management, public health/epidemiology, and ecology/biodiversity. To achieve coherence across lectures this course will emphasize how each topic is critical to studies of sustainable development and place-based case studies in recitation will integrate various topics covered. In the lectures and particularly the recitation sections this course will emphasize key scientific concepts such as uncertainty, experimental versus observational approaches, prediction and predictability, the use of models and other essential methodological aspects.
PhD Seminar for Environmental Science for Sustainable Development (SDEV U6240)
Urban economics explain the forces that make people want to live in close proximity to each other and the complex economic and social dynamics that ensue. First, urban economics explains the distribution of economic activity and population over space (typical question are: why do cities exists? What drives the location decisions of people and firms? What makes cities grow?). Second, it interprets how production activities and housing are distributed within a city, the value of land, and how it is allocated to what use. Third, it addresses questions of governance, political economy, and public finance: scope and limitations of local government intervention, provision of services, regulation, and governmental funding sources. Fourth, it confronts many fundamental economic and policy problems: transportation, crime, housing, education, homelessness, public health, income distribution, racial segregation, environmental sustainability, fiscal federalism, municipal finance, and others. This course covers the first three aspects of urban economics and a selection of topics from the fourth category. By the end of the course you will be able to: Have an understanding of introductory theoretical and empirical models of urban economics to interpret location decisions of people and firms (between and within cities); Evaluate local policy using efficiency and equity arguments; Apply your knowledge to a specific policy issue.
DP-Labs I & II are two full-semester, 3-credit courses with a first-year spring course focused on skills and tools for project design and a second-year fall course focused on skills around organizational management and leadership. The DP-Labs will bookend MPA-DP students’ 3-month professional summer placements, allowing for DP-Lab I skills to be applied over the summer and for DP Lab II to process those experiences as real case studies and examples. These skills will be applied to final semester capstone projects and allow students to synthesize lessons learned for their eventual job search and career development. DP-Lab II teaches students skills and tools needed for effective and inclusive organizational management for social impact. It will allow students to process the lessons learned during their summer placements and use those experiences as case studies to understand the skills needed for effective leadership and management. Throughout the semester students will receive hands-on training by experienced practitioners on different topics, while looking at leadership and diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) as cross-cutting themes. The course will run for 13 weeks with each week focused on introducing students to a core topic with class activities including guest practitioners and lecturers, case studies, ethics discussions, role plays, and guided group work.
Climate change policy in recent decades has centered on two core concepts, mitigation (reducing greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere) and adaptation (coping with the impacts that these gasses have and will produce). This course concentrates on the latter. It familiarizes students with current approaches to projects and programs that promote adaptation, showing both the utility of the approaches and some of their limits. The concepts of vulnerability, resilience and adaptive capacity are studied in detail; students learn to engage critically with these concepts.
The course begins with a series of lectures that link natural extremes with disasters consequences in the development context. We explain the physical phenomenology of natural extreme events, how and why they originate, the limits to which they can be predicted and the extent to which measures can be taken to reduce their harm. The focus is on those extremes that have historically proven to have the greatest consequences - earthquakes, hurricanes, floods and droughts. We then describe the social phenomenology especially the macroeconomic consequences of disasters. Here we are in relatively new territory and we will call on analogies with well-established economic shocks such as currency slums and financial crises to explain how disaster shocks might differentially impact societies at varying development levels. We then discuss how the UN and other international agencies deal with disasters.
This course examines the role of states, cities, and other sub-nationals in crafting and implementing the policy, technical, and behavioral changes necessary to address the climate crisis. While this topic has received increased attention since the election of Donald Trump in the United States, the reality is that cities, states, and other sub-nationals would still have an enormous, if not leading, role to play even with a cooperative federal government. Indeed, one could argue that subnationals represent the front lines in the fight. Substantively, our focus will be on the role of these actors in driving the necessary transition to clean energy, perhaps the key component in the overall effort to combat climate change. The energy sector is also particularly fertile ground for state and city action since states and cities oversee their power grids, establish building codes, and regulate electric and other utilities. Many of the issues and dynamics we will examine in the energy area also have direct application to other aspects of climate policy, such as food and agriculture and land use. The goal of the course is to get students to think more deeply about climate change and the complex intersection of science, economics, and politics that makes policy in this area so interesting and, at the same time, so difficult.
The course will focus on the knowledge and skills required to research, ideate, thoughtfully plan, and pitch a new business aimed at mitigating climate-related challenges. The course will serve as a laboratory for students to sharpen their entrepreneurial abilities and deepen their understanding of climate change and related challenges, and how to meaningfully address them. Teams will work on challenges addressing vital systems (food, water, energy), built systems (buildings, mobility, cities), care systems (health, mental health/climate grief, etc) and aimed at sharpening their entrepreneurial abilities and deepening their understanding of climate change and related challenges, and how to meaningfully address them to support a just transition to a regenerative future. Class process will include: 1) identifying and defining a climate challenge they want to solve; 2) engaging in research, need finding, customer discovery and development; 3) ideation for mitigation and adaptation solutions; 4) Prototyping for customer/expert feedback; 5) Creations viable implementation plans & budgets; and 6) practiing pitching to potential partners and investors.
This course aims to establish a first-principles understanding of qualitative and quantitative techniques, tools, and processes used to wield data for effective decision-making. Its approach focuses on pragmatic, interactive learning using logical methods, basic tools, and publicly available data to practice extracting insights and building recommendations. It is designed for students with little prior statistical or mathematical training and no prior pre-exposure to statistical software.
The goal of this course is to train advanced students on the principles, practices, and technologies required for good database design, management, and security. An introduction to the concepts and issues relating to data warehousing, governance, administration, security, privacy, and alternative database structures will be provided. The course concentrates on building a firm foundation in information organization, storage, management, and security. Students planning to enroll in this course should be comfortable with the fundamentals of programming and basic data structures. This course prepares students to build and administer a database and covers representing information with the relational database model, manipulating data with Structured Query Language (SQL), database design, and database security, integrity, and privacy issues.
New York City is often considered unique among cities because of its diverse population, a municipal budget of over $95 billion, complex governance structure, and politically engaged community and advocacy organizations. As we explore the dynamics of public policy in New York and how it manages its extensive network of services, we will focus on a set of questions that are relevant to governance in any city. Through an in-depth analysis of current policy challenges, we will better understand this dynamic and how it works in the New York City context.
This course is designed to prepare future policymakers to critically analyze and evaluate critical urban and social policy issues in New York and other large cities by examining how the City functions and how it relates to key stakeholders in state government (Albany) and national government (DC), and - most importantly - in the neighborhoods and communities where its residents live and work. The course is unique in that it exposes students to applied and theoretical perspectives on urban policymaking in real-time as we explore ever-evolving and important urban issues, including education, health care, poverty and homelessness, criminal justice, economic development, fiscal policy, media, immigration, transportation, environmentalism, intergovernmental affairs, labor, and race and ethnicity. This course aims to prepare students for working creatively in a policy environment and finding new solutions to complex urban problems in a manner that prioritizes people over politics and bureaucracy.
The course is designed to teach you the skills and methods you will need to handle the responsibilities of an entry-level defense analyst in the government or an outside think tank, and to equip you to compete successfully for such positions after graduation. In particular, the course will emphasize military modeling and simulation, and the use of such techniques to answer defense policy questions in modernization, force planning, campaign planning, defense budgeting, and doctrine development, with an emphasis on the importance of research design for defense analysis, and a focus on the influence of design choices on findings and policy recommendations. We will not do much actual math, but this is a methods course which will emphasize skills, not policy substance - it is not a class on topics in contemporary defense policy. You should leave the course with the ability to use sophisticated models yourself, to serve productively on a study team that uses such methods, to critique the results of others' analyses, and thereby to participate more effectively in a wide range of defense policy debates where these skills are in demand.
This course is the first part of a one-year sequence and focuses on microeconomics. The objectives of the course are (i) to provide you with the analytical tools that are needed to understand how economists think and (ii) to help you to develop an open-minded and critical way to think about economic issues. At the end of the course, you will understand the concepts that underlie microeconomics models and the jargon used in the economic profession. This course will provide numerous applications to facilitate your understanding of the concepts that will be discussed in the class. Note: This course is not eligible to fulfill the core economics requirement for students in the IFEP concentration or DAQA specialization. This course may not be repeated under the SIPA U6400/01 sequence.
Corporate finance is an introductory finance course. It is a central course for students taking the international finance track of the International Finance and Economic Policy (IFEP) concentration. The course is designed to cover those areas of business finance which are important for all managers, whether they specialize in finance or not. Three fundamental questions will be addressed in this course: How much funding does a firm require to carry out its business plan? How should the firm acquire the necessary funds? Even if the funds are available, is the business plan worthwhile? In considering these questions, the following topics will be covered: analyzing historical uses of funds; formulating and projecting funding needs; analyzing working capital management; choosing among alternative sources of external funding for company operations; identifying costs of funds from various sources; valuing simple securities; evaluating investment opportunities; valuing a company based on its projected free cash flow The course will combine lecture time and in-class case discussions, for which students should prepare fully. The goal of the course is to provide students with an understanding of both sound theoretical principles of finance and the practical environment in which financial decisions are made.
The use of quantitative research techniques, statistics, and computer software in designing public policies and in evaluating, monitoring, and administering governmental programs. Practical applications include research, design measurement, data collection, data processing, and presentation of research findings.
Students learn quantitative techniques of organizational decision-making, including how to formulate and design policy questions amenable to empirical inquiry, as well as how to identify and apply specific measurement and analytic methods appropriate to particular questions. Students are also introduced to the foundations of systems analysis: how to model and understand the design, operation, and impact of a system.
This course provides an introduction to nonprofit and social enterprise finance, financial management and budgeting. The course is practical and hands-on. The course will examine how the principles of financial planning and management assist nonprofit managers in making operating, program and long-term financial decisions. Through the use of readings, discussions, Case Studies, Excel labs, and a consulting project, students will learn underlying concepts as well as practical skills. No prior finance or budgeting experience is required and there is no prerequisite for this course. The course is designed to give students a range of core financial and managerial skills that are especially relevant to students who want to go on to establish, manage or work in nonprofit organizations or social enterprises.
Plenty of people wonder, “What can I do?” about the planetary climate change crisis and environmental destruction. Reimagining the traditional strategies, this course teaches how campaigners can turn “What can I do” into “What can we do?” and ultimately, “What can we do that will make the biggest change?”. By examining different advocacy approaches, students will gain experience in analyzing climate campaign strategies, development, and implementation and practicing the concrete skills of communications for climate advocacy.
The course challenges students to consider contradictions and dilemmas in climate campaigns, including debates about pragmatic vs. ambitious goals; working with like-minded allies vs. defusing or engaging opponents; “inside” vs. “outside” strategies; the relationship between organizations and social movements; risk and stakes in different political environments; and how to confront power.
For their assignments, students choose a current campaign on an issue in climate, environment, and/or biodiversity. Over the seven weeks, they will create assets and propose new approaches to supplement the campaign, including messages, speeches, social media posts, and spokespeople.
The professors are the co-founders of the climate justice campaigning organization Planet Reimagined, which leverages the celebrity platform and reach of musician Adam Met (of 7x platinum music group AJR) and the human rights and climate advocacy experience of nonprofit executive Mila Rosenthal (of leadership roles at Amnesty International and the UN). Their organization translates research into action, bringing advocacy to life through partners in media, entertainment, politics, business, and nonprofits, bringing together the private, public, and social sectors annually, reaching over 100 million hearts and minds.
Many of the decisions we make and actions we take have profound environmental effects, yet economic and political considerations often dominate decision-making in a way that fails to take into account the environmental foundation of our livelihoods. A slow, yet steady extension of environmental imperatives into previously ‘non’ environmental sectors such as agriculture, trade and energy production, provide some movement towards sustainability. This class explores how the political system identifies public issues as problems requiring public action, and creates and implements policy solutions. It assesses what conditions foster change by anticipating likely outcomes and effective points of intervention to achieve policy goals. It emphasizes the politics of environmental policymaking, using energy, agriculture and forestry as cases of global enterprises with local to global scales of inquiry. We will explore the tension between the market and economic models and politics and political models of policymaking; interests and interest-group politics; the connections among expertise, knowledge, and policymaking; and the particular politics of policy issues that cross jurisdictional boundaries, including federalism and globalization. We will start the semester considering two contrasting theories of policymaking: an economic, market-based approach with application in environmental policy issues and a political approach. The latter constitutes a critique of the economic paradigm and sets up the tension between the concerns for policy efficiency and effectiveness stemming from the economic model, and those of equity, representation, and consensus derived from the political model. Participants will develop a sense of the history of environmental activism, relevant actors in environmental politics and management, their roles, sources of power and influence, the effects of formal political processes and the sources of potential conflicts.
Public sector budgeting in the United States, and perhaps globally, has become increasingly contentious in the aftermath of the2008 financial crisis and subsequent recession. This course introduces students to the field of budgeting and fiscal management in the public sector. We will look at the special challenges of developing a budget within a political environment and the techniques used for reporting, accountability and management control. Domestically, the landscape for government budgeting is being tested in unprecedented ways. Fiscal pressures at the federal and state levels have increasingly pushed responsibilities for program funding to the local level. Municipal bankruptcy, once a theoretical and untested concept, has emerged more frequently as a solution despite its long-term consequences. Selected topics will include inter-governmental relationships, taxes and other revenues, expenditure control, audits and productivity enhancement. Lectures will also address current events related to public sector budgeting at all levels, especially as the world continues to confront the COVID-19 global pandemic and the ensuing economic and fiscal crises. This course seeks to provide students with practical knowledge for budgetary and financial analysis. Drawing from theory and from case studies, students will acquire practical skills to help them design, implement and assess public sector budgets. The practical nature of the subject requires the students’ active hands-on participation in assignments such as in-class debates, case analyses and a budget cycle simulation. By the end of the semester, conscientious students will be able to formulate budgetary recommendations backed up by cogent analysis and calculations.
This course will take a deep dive into a 10-step set of decisions involved in designing and implementing an effective carbon market or tax system across a range of conditions and sectors from power and industry to transportation, waste, forestry and agriculture. The course will consider emissions trading, carbon taxes, and hybrid and complementary programs in an integrated manner. The class will highlight real-world examples throughout and identify lessons learned and common challenges based on international experiences with carbon pricing to date across Europe, North and South America, Asia and Oceania. Students will learn design principles and tradeoffs, perspectives of key stakeholders, and modeling tools and frameworks to inform policy choices and market participants’ decisions. The course will include a hands-on emissions trading simulation exercise as well as guest talks by market actors to illustrate concepts in practice. By the end of the course, students will have evaluated alternative policies and be prepared to understand, navigate, and potentially shape future carbon pricing policy developments.
This class will look at the obstacles and opportunities for financing the energy transition in emerging markets. We will start by studying what the energy transition is, how it relates to climate goals, and what it entails to understand what needs to be financed. The course will then look at the different estimates of how much will the energy transition costs and what this means for emerging markets. The class will survey the current financial energy landscape to assess what is working, what is missing, and the potential governance structures that are needed to mobilize such financing. We will survey the existing sources of financing from the private sector, development agencies, and international financial institutions to understand the specific challenges and opportunities for each source of financing. The course will also look at the financing toolkit available, from blended finance vehicles, de-risking instruments, and the new ones that are being deployed, like ESG investing and thematic bonds. The course will also introduce students to carbon markets and the role they can play in financing the energy transition in emerging markets. Lastly, the course will also survey the financing of transition assets to understand how and when capital should be deployed and what this means to retire or retrofit existing fossil fuel assets.
On the eve of America’s Revolutionary War in 1776, Thomas Paine exclaimed, “We have it in our power to begin the world over again.” Two centuries later, in the post-Cold War 1990s, the United States stood alone as the world’s unrivaled global hegemon, dominant in economic, military, and cultural power. Presidents of both parties began promising a permanently transformed “new world order” based on American ideals, with the United States acting as the world’s “indispensable nation.” The quarter-century since has not been easy – terror attacks followed by multiple foreign wars; a U.S.-driven global financial meltdown; rising global and regional powers like China, Russia, and Iran; emerging threats from new cyber technologies and climate change; along with growing restiveness and anti-liberal populism from within the United States itself. And yet, despite these challenges and setbacks, the United States remains the most important actor in international relations; the one county whose power, purpose, and policy choices impact nearly every issue of global significance, and whose role will necessarily shape the future of world politics. Understanding this uniquely consequential role of America in world affairs – how it developed, the ideals and interests guiding it, and the challenges and adaptations over time – is the goal of the International Fellows Program (IFP). Though America never relinquished the radical sentiments espoused by Paine, the manner in which it fashions its foreign policy is – and has always been – shaped by multiple influences and tensions, including international threats and opportunities, and a rambunctiously democratic political system that orients itself toward passionate disagreement, partisan conflict, and a penchant for new ideas. Members of the IFP will explore these foundations, trace the rise of U.S. power along with changing conceptions of its role in the world, and ultimately assess the utility, viability, and sustainability of America’s current and future role in world politics. The IFP extends over the entire academic year. The single most important requirement for IFP members is to participate actively in our weekly meetings, most of which will consist of a roughly 50-minute lecture followed by one hour of class discussion of assigned readings and lectures. The fall semester will focus on America’s unique historical foundations – its ideals, institutions, and interests – and k
Over the past decade, the number of civil wars globally has increased dramatically, driven by a proliferation of non-state armed groups, illicit transnational networks and regional actors. The rise of civil wars has meant conflicts are not only harder to resolve via traditional forms of diplomacy, but also more likely to relapse; in fact, 60 per cent of the civil wars that reached peace agreements in the early 2000s have since fallen back into conflict. As an organization created to prevent wars between states, the UN has struggled to meet the challenges of today’s conflicts, particularly when it comes to engaging non-state actors. At the same time, the UN is often uniquely positioned to make contact with armed groups that may be blacklisted by key member states, and it is often UN peace operations that are best placed to implement strategies to address the various threats they pose.
What are the origins of the growth of today’s form of non-state armed groups and why have they increased in relevance in recent years? How has the rise of rebel and so-called “terrorist” groups affected the character of war today, and what implications does this have for conflict prevention and management? What challenges (and opportunities) do non-state actors pose to traditional forms of conflict resolution, and what can be learned from the UN’s experiences in places like Afghanistan, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Mali?
Drawing on a mix of academic literature, case studies and first-hand accounts of those involved directly in UN-led operations in the field, students will explore these questions and grapple with the very real predicaments that face today’s mediators and peacekeepers around the world. By the end of this course, students will have a firm grasp of the core theories and concepts that drive UN engagement with non-state actors, how the UN and its partners have developed strategies in asymmetrical and complex environments, and a practical experience of the difficulties of applying principles to reality. This course will be of interest to those wishing to pursue academic research on the UN, scholars of critical studies of international relations, and those hoping to build a career in conflict resolution and management.
This course aims at familiarizing students with major issues surrounding global economic governance, exploring both the issues that have been or are now subject to current debates, as well as the institutional questions involved. “Global economic governance” is understood in a broad sense, and thus includes not only global but also regional frameworks, and both formal institutions as well as informal groupings of countries (such as the G7/8 and the G20) and rules of international transactions that have been left to bilateral agreements or are under the domain of national sovereignty but do have global implications. “Economics” is also understood in a broad sense, to include social and environmental issues.
It will start with three general lectures that will place the debates on global governance in relation to those on globalization, and will give a first look at the objectives of international cooperation, the historical evolution of the current governance and typologies of the different rules, organization and governance structures that have been created at varied times. It will then deal in detail with major issues that international cooperation: the role of the UN system, development cooperation, global monetary and financial management, trade and investment, international tax cooperation, and climate change. It will end with discussion of the governance of the system, and a recapitulation of governance issues and reform proposals in light of the global economic developments in the 2008-2019, during COVID-19, and during the current crisis that mixes geopolitical issues with an economic crisis.
October 2023 marks 23 years since the UN Security Council unanimously adopted resolution 1325 on women, peace and security. An additional 9 resolutions have since been adopted. This agenda is the first time in the UN’s 50-year history that women’s experiences and particularly their contributions to the promotion of peace and security in contexts of violent conflict, closed political space and rising extremism is acknowledged. It is also the first time that the need for women’s protection was noted strongly. The resolution marks a clear watershed in the evolving efforts to promote human security as a normative framework for the international community. Although the primary focus is on women, the emerging discourse has drawn increasing attention to the need for gendered analysis – i.e., addressing the conditions/experiences of women, men, intersectionality - in conflict and peacebuilding. The agenda has been prescient for understanding and addressing conflict and insecurity in recent decades. Yet with the abandonment of Afghan women during the US negotiations with the Taliban, and the outbreak of the Ukraine war, the WPS agenda and related human security and peacebuilding agendas of the international system have been under severe strain.
This intensive 2-day seminar (14 hours) & online review/teamwork will provide an overview of the evolving field of gender, peace and security. Drawing on empirical research and practice, the modules will address the following issues:
Historical and geopolitical evolution and context in which the WPS and GPS fields have arisen;
Attaining SCR 1325 and the expansion of the WPS policy agenda with attention to subsequent resolutions and key pillars of this agenda – notably women’s participation in peace and security, protection issues, peacekeeping and conflict prevention including conflict related sexual violence.
Implications of the Afghan withdrawal, Ukraine conflict, rising authoritarianism and extremisms on gender, peace and security issues.
Gender analysis and the practical application of a gendered lens to key mediation, security and peacebuilding and security processes.
Experiences and lessons from women’s peace coalitions and women’s contributions to peacebuilding including countering/preventing violent extremism
Discussion of Sexual violence in conflict
Women and peacekeeping including issues of sexual exploitation and abuse
This course introduces students to gender mainstreaming, gender analysis and intersectionality as theory and method, as well as the associated set of strategies, tools and skills applicable to international and public policy contexts. Through a combination of empirical research, structural theorizing, social critique, and case studies, students will become acquainted with the global dimensions of feminist organizing and policy-making necessary for working in a variety of specialty policy fields such as education, public health, international finance, sustainable development, peace and security, organizational management and economic development.
This course introduces the study and practice of international conflict resolution, providing students with a broad understanding of the subject and a framework for approaching more specific strands of study offered by CICR. Can a war be stopped before it starts? Is it realistic to talk about ‘managing’ a war and mitigating its consequences? What eventually brings adversaries to the negotiating table? How do mediation efforts unfold and how are the key issues resolved? Why do peace processes and peace agreements so often fail to bring durable peace? Students will address these and other fundamental questions in order to develop an understanding of international conflict resolution.
This intensive writing seminar explores the special challenges of creating narrative and assessing truth claims in the context of violent conflict. In this course, you will grow as a writer through extensive practice reporting, writing, revising your work, and editing your peers. We will engage with a pressing matter of our age: how to evaluate facts and context and create compelling and precise narratives from the fog of war. A growing swathe of the world, including many countries that are nominally not at war, are currently experiencing pre- or post-conflict conditions. Through discussions, reading, and writing, seminar participants will learn the mechanics of covering conflict and the politics of war- and peace-making. We will read accounts produced in journalism, policy analysis, advocacy, literature, and philosophy. Students will produce original reported narrative writing about conflict, which they may try to place for publication. Students will have to write or revise an original piece almost every week. The skill set cultivated by this class will help anyone write about violent conflict (which includes its prelude and aftermath), whether they plan to do so for a reporting-driven NGO, as a policy analyst, or as a journalist. This course emphasizes good writing and critical thinking; grades will reflect participation, effort, clarity of thought, originality of reporting, and successful narrative craft. Students can draw on their own experiences and contacts – as well as the great wealth of resources in New York City – for story ideas and sources
The objective of this course is to provide the students with the analytical tools used in economics. This course is the first part of a one-year sequence and focuses on microeconomic theory. At the end of the semester you will be able to understand the basic conceptual foundation of microeconomics and how microeconomic analysis can be used to examine public policy issues. The approach of the course is analytical, but you will also be required to discuss concrete applications. Finally one objective of the course is to serve as an introduction for more advanced or specialized economic classes.
The organization and regulation of reproduction varies considerably across societies, but everywhere it directly impacts, and is impacted by, gender relations. These relations are generally marked by inequalities that not only distinguish the life chances of individuals on the basis of sex and gender but also reflect intersectional factors including race, class, ethnicity, national origin and religion. For the last several decades, the organization of reproduction has been intensely contested. Who can, must, should or should not bear or care for children and how; what is a family and who can form one; who is a child, a mother or father; what implications flow from these statuses for individual rights and obligations within or beyond families and how do they impact life chances; and, how do individual reproductive rights relate to other public policy concerns, such as nation-building, population declines, or the migration of care workers? Questions such as these are at the center of seemingly ceaseless debates between social movements, national governments and international organizations. This course explores these issues, primarily through the lens of states of the “global north”, by focusing on care and procreation.
This lecture course presents different political economy perspectives on the dynamics between state and society involved in governance around the efforts at sustainable development or other goals to improve how each society defines their wellbeing. This course requires familiarity with basic social science theories and methods and the core readings are all scholarly work from the social sciences and mostly political science. The course emphasizes comparative methods and introduces students to a wide range of social science theories applied to different issues, which have important effects in the policymaking process of developing countries.
This course will provide students with an overview of the most important health challenges in low and middle income countries. Student will gain insight into the burden of disease on vulnerable populations and how interventions have evolved to tackle them. We will discuss international strategies and programs that promote human health, and will review both best practices and pitfalls of Global Health implementation programs. Specific areas of focus will include disease profiles, technological interventions, health systems design, and key stakeholders in the global health arena. Following this course, students will be able to understand the broad scope of health challenges and think strategically about solutions.
Communicating in Organizations is a survey course that explores aspects of day-to-day managerial communication relating to presentations and other high-profile moments and more familiar elements of interpersonal communication. The course uses many teaching techniques: short lectures, individual and group exercises, video-recorded presentations, role plays, case discussions, video clips, and writing assignments. It is highly experiential, with exercises or presentations scheduled in most sessions. Initially, we’ll focus on the communication skills and strategies that help you present your ideas to others. I’ll ask you to do two benchmark assignments―a letter and a brief presentation―to assess the abilities you bring to the course. In several of our class sessions, you’ll be the one “in front of the room,” delivering either a prepared talk or brief, impromptu comments. Such assignments will allow you to develop your skills as a presenter. I’ll also discuss the link between listening and speaking, showing you how developing your listening skills will improve your effectiveness as a speaker. And we’ll explore several elements of visual communication, including how to design effective visual aids and written documents. To communicate effectively in such roles as coach, interviewer, negotiator, or facilitator, you need to be skilled at listening, questioning, observing behavior, and giving feedback. We’ll practice each of these skills in-class exercises and assignments. The Social Style instrument will provide detailed feedback about how others view your communication style. You’ll discover how style differences may lead to miscommunication, missed opportunities, or mishandled conflict.
This semester-long SIPA class is a project-based course designed to help introduce students to documentary film technique, and help student teams produce documentaries on local issues. The course offers rich custom-produced guides to
smart phone filming
,
interviewing technique
,
field production
and editing, as well as small group mentoring sessions and workshops. Teams will receive gear, training, and funds for local filming costs. All films will participate in an end-of-semester film festival, together with other partner institutions. This class is open to all SIPA Students.
Cases created will be shared on platforms such as
SIPA’s Public Policy Case Collection
. Students will have opportunities to interact with guest speakers from Discovery Channel, PBS and National Geographic, as well as with other cohorts of this class being offered across the world as part of the Open Society University Network.
This class and training allow students to use gear and seek funding for MPA-DP summer placement projects in the Capstone video projects in the spring and summer of 2024. It is taught by Emmy Award winning documentary filmmaker Adam Stepan, PhD.
This course explores the principal hard power security issues facing East Asia: the rise of China; the US relationship with its allies and security partners in the region; Japan’s security strategy; the political-military disputes centered on the East and South China seas, the Korean peninsula, and the Taiwan Strait; and military strategies in the region. Through a set of readings and discussions, students will come to a deeper understanding of the major issues in the region’s security; how the histories and domestic politics of China, Japan, the two Koreas and Taiwan shape and impact on the region’s security; and how some of the major scholars and practitioners who have thought about the region have viewed its security problems.
Latin America is much more than a series of economic crises that have regularly punctured the region’s growth path. But a full understanding of the region requires grappling with the recurrent crises of the past two and a half decades. This seminar will focus on the region’s three largest economies by examining three pivotal moments: Brazil’s crisis of 2003, Argentina’s crisis of 2001 and Mexico’s peso crisis of 1994 and then using each of the historical episodes as a basis to analyze the current outlook in each of the economies—Brazil, Argentina and Mexico. We will examine each episode with particular focus on the perspective of institutional investors as well as the role that financial markets played in precipitating the crises and in shaping the economic aftermath. The instructor has spent more than two decades on Wall Street working closely with institutional investors as well as policy makers in the region in his capacity as chief Latin American economist and will draw on his experiences as students revisit three major turning points in the region and explore the current outlook in the region’s largest economies. The course is designed to allow students in a small class setting to apply the macroeconomic theory they have learned in previous courses both to probe three pivotal turning points in the region as well as to analyze the current economic outlook in the region’s largest economies. A special focus will be placed on how research is conducted in financial institutions along with the perspective of a financial markets practitioner. Guest lecturers, including institutional investors, will also be invited to provide students with an opportunity to learn from financial market participants who are grappling with the macroeconomics issues being explored in class. During each session, the instructor will summarize the main ideas on the policy issue or case study of the day as well as guide the class in a discussion of the topics.
In this course, students will acquire an understanding of Latin America’s principal environmental issues, focusing on the challenges related to the management of natural resources. To that end, using an economic framework, case studies will be discussed to understand policy and economic instruments applied by the state and decentralized solutions implemented in the region.
After a long period of decline, conflict is on the rise; the nature of conflict is also evolving, as new actors and new battlefields emerge, blurring the line that separates war and peace. We must adapt our strategies and tactics for conflict prevention and conflict resolution. The course will help students develop a conceptual framework for the understanding and resolution of contemporary conflicts, but it will be taught from a practitioner’s perspective, with a strong emphasis on policy challenges and dilemmas. When possible, practitioners who have been involved in the resolution of conflicts will contribute to the discussion. Each class discussion will be structured by specific questions which will confront students with conceptual, operational and ethical choices.
Intelligence activities are traditionally thought to comprise the activities of a nation state’s intelligence organizations attempting to steal secrets, usually those pertaining to national security, from the organizations of another nation state. However, intelligence activities have seldom, if ever, been confined to the government sphere. Most nation states have employed their national intelligence systems to steal privately held economic information from other countries to benefit their economies: many continue to do so. Private enterprises have long employed methodologies associated with “traditional” intelligence to obtain trade secrets from domestic and foreign competitors. The establishment of a legal and ethical framework to govern this activity –- the discipline of “competitive intelligence’, is a relatively recent phenomenon. This course will examine in depth the interaction of intelligence and private sector on these three levels. Part one of the course will cover economic espionage: the deliberate targeting of private sector entities by foreign intelligence services. Soviet/Russian and Chinese conduct of Economic Espionage will be discussed in detail. A separate class will examine the prevalence of economic espionage among democratic nations, usually considered allies of the United States in both theory and practice. The U.S. attitude towards economic espionage, and the U.S reaction to the threat, will be the subject other class meetings. The course will then move on to industrial espionage, companies spying on other companies, and its’ more socially acceptable counterpart, competitive intelligence. The course will conclude with an in-depth look at the development of the private intelligence sector, and rare instances of private sector espionage against a government entity, including the notorious “Fat Leonard” conspiracy to penetrate and suborn the U.S. Navy’s 7th Fleet.
In the global context of the rise of anti-rights populism, human rights activism requires increasingly sophisticated approaches on the part of human rights activists. Technological developments have enabled new kinds of cybersurveillance and other threats to human rights; as well as new methodological approaches for documenting human rights violations from geo-spatial analysis to open source investigations. Emerging areas of work from disability rights to a growing focus on economic and social rights has created demands for new approaches to identifying, documenting and rights violations. The seasoned human rights activist needs quantitative skills as well as the ability to sensitively interview victims and witnesses or assess a morgue report. An ever more hostile environment for human rights with “fake news” deployed as rebuttal by autocrats – as well as the possibility of creating “deep fakes” through artificial intelligence - has intensified the stakes for research and the need for rigor. This course seeks to introduce practical skills of a human rights investigator: how to identify and design a research project, how to conduct the research, and how to present compelling findings and principled but pragmatic recommendations to the public, media and advocacy targets. There will be a strong emphasis on practical engagement, and students will be expected, in group work, to develop project concepts and methodological approaches to contemporary human rights problems. Each week, they will review and discuss in class new reporting from human rights investigations by journalists and human rights activists. They will also hone their writing skills to present human rights findings in a clear, concise and compelling manner, whether in internal memos, press releases, or detailed public reports. Guest speakers from diverse parts of the global human rights movement will present their experiences and advice.
This course,
crafted for non-lawyers
, elucidates
International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights in War
, intertwining law, history, politics, and technology. It
decodes treaty texts
and wartime incidents, stressing the impact of international rules on wartime behavior. It builds crucial
analytical and argumentation skills
for handling humanitarian crises and understanding war crime prosecution. It offers
essential knowledge
of international humanitarian law, focusing on protections for war victims, particularly vulnerable groups, humanitarian assistance and relief operations, challenges to humanitarian law by modern warfare and the prosecution of war crimes and crimes against humanity.
Building on
interactive elements such as
'jigsaw activities' and role-playing simulations, the course cultivates an
engaging, collaborative environment
. Participants will formulate
legally sound
policy proposals
tackling fundamental challenges to humanitarian law rules, the destruction of the Kakhovka Hydroelectric Power Plant, use of POW video on streaming platforms, blockading trade with commodities and foodstuffs the persecutions and killings of the Muslim Rohingya. Through the application of
case studies
from historical and contemporary conflicts, such as those in Ukraine, Syria, Yemen, Sudan, Ethiopia, and Palestine, we will probe into the critical rules of International Humanitarian Law (IHL). including the abduction of children, attacks on train stations, attacks on medical units and white helmet staff in Syria, blockading Yemeni ports, the persecutions and killings of the Muslim Rohingya, and starving civilians in Ethiopia.
Key research areas
, such as artificial intelligence, climate-induced conflicts, nuclear installation protection, urban warfare and war crimes punishments with hybrid courts, will be explored. These case studies will also enable the course participants us to explore the role of the International Criminal Court and other criminal courts in the prosecution of war crimes.
This survey course introduces students to the fundamentals of statistical analysis. We will examine the principles and basic methods for analyzing quantitative data, with a focus on applications to problems in public policy, management, and the social sciences. We will begin with simple statistical techniques for describing and summarizing data and build toward the use of more sophisticated techniques for drawing inferences from data and making predictions about the social world. The course will assume that students have little mathematical background beyond high school algebra. Students will be trained on STATA. This powerful statistical package is frequently used to manage and analyze quantitative data in many organizational/institutional contexts. Because each faculty member takes a somewhat different approach to teaching this course, students should examine each professors syllabus to understand the differences.
Prerequisites: SIPA U6500
This course is the second semester in the SIPA statistics sequence, extending the multiple regression framework introduced in the first semester as a tool for policy analysis and program evaluation (also known as
econometrics
). The first half of the course will focus largely on the fundamentals of multiple regression analysis for causal inference. The second half builds on this foundation and introduces experimental and quasi-experimental methods that are widely used in empirical research. Additional topics on data collection, statistical analysis and interpretation will also be covered to help students become thoughtful consumers of statistical analysis for public policy. Students will receive instructional support in Stata to carry out regression analysis and complete assignments. Assignments and supplementary topics may vary by instructor, please review syllabi for further details.