Selected advanced topics in data-driven analysis and computation. Content varies from year to year, and different topics rotate through the course numbers 6690 to 6699.
The social and environmental challenges of the 21st century are new, different, and fundamentally destabilizing. Many of these challenges are systemic in nature; they are complex, interconnected global issues with multiple contributing factors. They impact entire societies and economies and threaten the global financial system, corporate value, and long-term investment returns across all asset classes. To finance a more sustainable world, investing needs to take into account the interplay and interdependencies between investment and the most complex challenges facing our world. System-level investing sets out to do just that.
Building on and going well beyond sustainable investing practices, system-level investing recognizes both the potential of investments to impact social, financial, and environmental systems and the complexity of the times we live in. Indeed, system-level investors intentionally set out to manage their impacts on the global systems and adopt investment strategies that seek to minimize systemic risks, such as racial and gender injustice, income inequality, food and health systems fragility and climate change, as well as promote opportunities for system-wide rewards.
In this course, students will learn the fundamentals of system-level investing, including: what it means to manage system-level risks and rewards, why it is imperative to do so now, and how to integrate this new way of thinking into current investing practice.
Selected advanced topics in data-driven analysis and computation. Content varies from year to year, and different topics rotate through the course numbers 6690 to 6699.
The “Impact Investing I: Foundations'' course provides a foundation to the growing practice of impact investing. The course focuses on the private capital market and equips students with the foundational knowledge, technical skills and tools needed to pursue a career in impact investing. Moreover, it provides students with the broader understanding of the opportunities, challenges, and limitations for impact investing to have an “impact” and help mitigate climate change, biodiversity loss, social inequality, poverty, and other system-level challenges.
In an era increasingly defined by geopolitical competition, it is more important than ever for future policymakers to understand why and how foreign policy decisions are made. Inside the Situation Room, co-taught by Secretary Hillary Rodham Clinton and Dean Keren Yarhi-Milo, employs insights from diverse academic fields—including political psychology, domestic politics, and international relations—and the direct experience of high-level principals in the room to understand the key factors which underpin a nation’s most crucial decisions. This course allows students to engage with a range of case studies and examine decision-making in a variety of historical and contemporary contexts, from the search for Osama bin Laden, to the “red line” in Syria, to negotiating with Iran.
Students will be taught how to analyze and understand the complex interplay between individual psychology, domestic politics, public opinion, bureaucracy, the international environment, and other factors which feed into decisions about foreign policy—from crisis diplomacy to the use of force, signaling and perception, intelligence and its analysis, the deployment of other instruments of statecraft, and more. Through this course, students will think carefully and analytically about how leaders and other actors view the world, how they arrive at their decisions, and how various social, political, and psychological factors shape the policies they devise to promote their interests abroad. For more information, visit: https://www.sipa.columbia.edu/situationroom
Probabilistic Models and Machine Learning is a PhD-level course about how to design and use probability models. We study their mathematical properties, algorithms for computing with them, and applications to real problems. We study both the foundations and modern methods in this field. Our goals are to understand probabilistic modeling, to begin research that makes contributions to this field, and to develop good practices for building and applying probabilistic models.
The world is facing multiple grand societal challenges, including climate change, social inequality, global health issues, and more. As governments face obstacles in tackling these challenges alone, corporations face increasing pressure to take on greater responsibility for their impact on society, to take public positions on contentious social issues, and to engage with government and others to shape policy and address pressing systemic challenges.
Firms' license to operate and business success nowadays depends on the ability of leadership to lead their organization through these turbulent times. To respond to the increased expectations and pressures by their various constituencies, to leverage opportunities, and to build shareholder value, corporations need to understand how to align their portfolio of market and non-market strategies. That is, they need to understand how to integrate and align their ESG and political strategies with their business strategies to sustain their competitiveness and firm value. Moreover, and importantly, they need to understand whether and how corporations can act as stewards of systemic change by actively engaging with policymakers to improve industry-wide business practices that level the playing field and mitigate system-level challenges such as climate change.
The ESG and Corporate Political Strategy course explores how organizations can align their ESG and corporate political strategies, and how they can engage with policymakers to help shape the rules of the game. In particular, through influencing legislation, regulators, the courts, and NGOs, organizations can modify the rules by which they operate and to trigger systemic change. This course teaches the tools and frameworks to effect such change. While some organizations use such methods for ill, they can also be used by (for- and non-profit) organizations alike to effect positive change, even systemic change.
The social, environmental, and governance challenges of the 21st century represent both companies’ greatest risks and opportunities. While many investors, from retirement plans to mutual funds, have embraced the importance of ESG in the investment process, it is critical to understand the legal obligations of fiduciary duty, the role of the fiduciary, and the changing regulatory backdrop to assess the relevance and materiality of ESG. For example, the politicization of ESG in the US has created divergent support and threats. Understanding this unique and changing landscape alongside pivotal legal challenges is critical for business and investment decisions. In this course, students will learn about the legal obligations of fiduciary duty, its core principles, and whether and how ESG investing intersects with fiduciary duty. Furthermore, we will discuss the financial risks and rewards of ESG as important data points in the duty of care, as well as the role of disclosure and regulators within the US and beyond. While the course will largely be taught from the perspective of the US investment experience, we will compare trends in the global market.
The ESG Reporting course explores the ever‐evolving global Environmental, Social and Governance (“ESG” — also referred to as Corporate Sustainability/Responsibility) reporting environment and the standards and frameworks used by companies to report on ESG performance, or non‐Financial Reporting. We will explore the market drivers that generate the demand for ESG reporting, key areas of focus for investors and other capital providers, regulatory activities and the intersection of ESG reporting with traditional corporate financial reporting. This course will provide an understanding of the various frameworks for sustainability reporting and how reported ESG information can be used to inform investment decisions and direct corporate strategic and capital allocation choices. We will cover the main reporting frameworks, including the Task Force for Climate‐Related Financial Disclosures (TCFD), the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) and the ISSB, among others, as well as regulatory mandates that govern sustainability reporting. The course will focus on reporting used for investment and business strategy decisions as contrasted with public policy decisions.
The class covers how climate change and Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) concepts can be integrated into investment strategies to simultaneously generate financial performance of enhanced returns or reduced risk and achieve real-world outcomes. The class presents the framework of the double bottom line or double materiality of both financial performance and real-world outcomes, and the focus is on developing and evaluating investment strategies in public markets to achieve both aims from a practitioner’s perspective. Guest speakers will also address how ESG is being integrated into investment products in a rapidly evolving commercial landscape. A key deliverable of the course is for students to apply the double bottom-line framework to propose a climate-related or an ESG investment strategy of their own and demonstrate how it purports to meet both investment and real-world outcomes.
As impact investing further embeds into the mainstream, Impact Measurement and Management (IMM) is its key differentiator, helping impact investors understand a company’s intention to create positive outcomes and impacts and the evidence it uses to demonstrate whether (“if”) the impact, value, or benefit is indeed being created, and importantly, in what ways (“how”) it is improving the lives of concerned stakeholders and the environment. This course reflects decades of progress by hundreds of organizations, agencies, institutions, thought leaders, and companies in every sector across the globe leading to the convergence and harmonization of key IMM tools and frameworks. Levering SIPA’s vast network, students will hear from many of these pioneers throughout the course. Understanding how to identify what to measure and how to measure and manage impact across space and time is critical to ensuring businesses and investors achieve their goals and make decisions that address the world’s most pressing social and environmental challenges. We will approach IMM through the entrepreneur/business perspective while understanding that understanding the investor perspective is key to harness impact finance. The goal of this course is to equip students with knowledge of the most valuable and widely accepted methods, tools, and best practices in the field and through applied practice, develop these skills as IMM practitioners with a critical lens and a systems-level understanding of impact measurement for ventures seeking investment and investors seeking opportunities.
Advanced treatment of stochastic modeling in the context of queueing, reliability, manufacturing, insurance risk, financial engineering and other engineering applications. Review of elements of probability theory; exponential distribution; renewal theory; Wald’s equation; Poisson processes. Introduction to both discrete and continuous-time Markov chains; introduction to Brownian motion.
Advanced topics in communications, such as turbo codes, LDPC codes, multiuser communications, network coding, cross-layer optimization, cognitive radio. Content may vary from year to year to reflect the latest development in the field.
This course analyzes the impact of domestic and regional conflicts in the Middle East on global security. Key concepts include: regime change, revolution, insurrection, conflict management, security sector reform, arms transfers, nuclear proliferation, and counterterrorism. These conceptual tools are used for comparative analysis of three sub-regional conflict zones (Egypt/Syria/Lebanon, Iraq/Iran/Saudi Arabia and Palestine/Jordan/Israel), each of which has galvanized substantial global engagement.
Basic statistics and machine learning strongly recommended. Bayesian approaches to machine learning. Topics include mixed-membership models, latent factor models, Bayesian nonparametric methods, probit classification, hidden Markov models, Gaussian mixture models, model learning with mean-field variational inference, scalable inference for Big Data. Applications include image processing, topic modeling, collaborative filtering and recommendation systems.
This course introduces students to the field of social work and the law – specifically the practice of social work in legal settings. Students will develop competency in forensic social work practice - working knowledge as a practitioner in an interdisciplinary setting representing clients entangled in legal systems including criminal, civil, family and immigration. Students will deconstruct the complexities of the criminal legal systems and further develop awareness in addressing clients’ concerns related to their criminal justice history – pre-arrest, arrest, disposition and re-entry. Similarly, students will gain insight into the filing of Article X petitions in family court and the pathway of a child protection case. This course complements field placements in legal/forensic settings, law minors and students interested in social work and law rooted in rights-based advocacy. This course is premised on a basic understanding of how the legacy of slavery led to mass criminalization and incarceration. Black Lives Matter.
The course will focus on understanding the theory and varied practices of restorative justice (RJ) and transformative justice (TJ), and how they are being used as alternatives to retributive and punitive responses to social problems and individual, community and institutional harm. Students will learn – through modeling and practice – how to facilitate a restorative circle which can serve as the foundation for continued use of restorative practices in social work. The class will provide an understanding of the values and principles of RJ and R, and the most-commonly used RJ models and where they are being used. It will support students in understanding their own relationship to conflict and teach students how to facilitate restorative processes using peacemaking circles. Issues of power, privilege, oppression and identity will be substantial themes throughout the course, both in understanding the need for RJ and TJ, how RJ/TJ can address them, and the ways in which these issues arise in facilitation and the RJ/TJ movement. In addition to understanding RJ, the course will also provide students with a critical analysis of other theories and practices of conflict resolution including mediation, truth and reconciliation, and transitional justice, and how all of these relate to addressing individual, communal and institutional harm. Finally, the course will discuss how social workers can use restorative justice in a variety of settings.
We are currently living through a significant transformation of some of the core features of the international system, or what is more broadly often referred to as, “world order.” Several recent events have highlighted and impacted this sweeping change. The first is the failure of multilateral institutions (such as the UN, WHO or even the G-7 countries) to meet the challenge of the 2020 Covid pandemic. The failure of international collective action is also an obstacle to tackling the effects of global warming. In both cases narrow national interests trumped transnational values. The second is the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine which highlights the failure of multilateral institutions (such as the UN Security Council) to protect the independence of territorial nation-states, a principal unit of the international system since 1945. Narrow national interests continue to outweigh the commitment to the long-standing norm of territorial integrity of nation-states as the foundation for the modern post-imperial international order. Nationalism remains the most powerful force in international affairs. Third, the optimism of the post-Cold War (post-1989) era that economic globalization would lead to the liberalization of China and Russia has now almost entirely faded. The current moment is marked by the rise of these authoritarian states (together with Iran and others) which are seeking to overturn the Western liberal international order that was established after 1945. This Western order consists of three components: capitalist market economics, democratic self-rule and universal human rights, and peaceful diplomacy as the preferred way to manage inter-state conflicts. In its stead we are seeing in major parts of the world the persistence of socialist command economies, the rise of illiberal authoritarianism, and a return to 19th century patterns of war and conquest. Finally, the era of expanding globalization, driven by capitalist economic integration across the globe, appears to be over. The world is de-globalizing.
This course will examine some of the key institutional challenges and most vexing conceptual controversies in the current rethinking, some might say turmoil, over global governance and competing forms of world order. These debates reveal at least two key features. First, a depth of disagreement about the shape of the international system which is arguably unprecedented in the last seventy years. Almost every dimension of global government and governance is today the subjec
Deaths due to COVID-19 have focused public awareness on death registration in a way that has not been seen since the 1918 Spanish Flu Pandemic. Death registration is an affirmation of the conclusion of a person’s life and offers the opportunity and obligation to enumerate each death and document the final disposition of human remains. Though often considered “just administrative” birth registration can be seen as a public health intervention designed to protect basic human rights, connect people with upstream social determinants of health like education, housing, and income, and ensure that their existential drive to exist is acknowledged.
Vital records are the documents that catalog birth and death experiences millions of times each year in the U.S. Vital statistics are the subset of the information on these records that public health students and professionals appreciate in general, and turn to for meaning in times of devastatingly high levels of deaths. This course focuses on the history, policy, management, and protection of vital records and vital statistics in the United States and will open students’ eyes to the surprisingly fascinating world of vital events.
This course presents a systematic overview of basic level oncology advanced practice nursing utilizing various theoretical approaches. It incorporates the pathophysiology of cancer, prevention and detection, cancer treatment modalities, diagnosis, and socioeconomic, ethical, and legal issues related to cancer care. The course provides the framework for the synthesis, integration, and application of oncology nursing theory in clinical practice.
Previously offered as Oncology Nursing Theory I - Fundamentals of Oncology Nursing.
This course explores the economic development outcomes of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) people worldwide, as well as strategies and approaches to promote their well-being through the international development sector. Despite some legal and social advances in the past two decades for some LGBTQ+ people, many continue to face widespread poverty, discrimination, and violence worldwide based on their sexual orientation, gender identity and expression (SOGIE). Economic development institutions are now expected to better include LGBTQ+ people in their analytical and programmatic agendas. The course considers the history of LGBTQ+ inclusion within the field of economic development, starting with the global HIV/AIDs epidemic and other social issues that have created entry points for these issues; the specific economic development challenges of the community; the current state of LGBTQ+ inclusion and the institutional response; the role of the private sector and the risks of “pink-washing”; and what lessons can be learned in terms of organizational and institutional change.
This course introduces students to international human rights law (IHRL). In what sense are internationally-defined human rights "rights" and in what sense can the instruments which define them be considered "law"? How do we know that a claim is actually a "human right"? What are the relations among international, regional and national institutions in establishing and enforcing (or not) IHRL? Does IHRL represent an encroachment on national sovereignty? Is the future of IHRL regional? What enforcement mechanisms can we use, and who can decide upon their use? Finally, what redress is there for human rights violations, and how effective is it? Attendance is required in the first class.
Analytical approach to the design of (data) communication networks. Necessary tools for performance analysis and design of network protocols and algorithms. Practical engineering applications in layered Internet protocols in Data link layer, Network layer, and Transport layer. Review of relevant aspects of stochastic processes, control, and optimization.
Analytical approach to the design of (data) communication networks. Necessary tools for performance analysis and design of network protocols and algorithms. Practical engineering applications in layered Internet protocols in Data link layer, Network layer, and Transport layer. Review of relevant aspects of stochastic processes, control, and optimization.
Mathematical models, analyses of economics and networking interdependencies in the internet. Topics include microeconomics of pricing and regulations in communications industry, game theory in revenue allocations, ISP settlements, network externalities, two-sided markets. Economic principles in networking and network design, decentralized vs. centralized resource allocation, “price of anarchy,” congestion control. Case studies of topical internet issues. Societal and industry implications of internet evolution.
Mathematical models, analyses of economics and networking interdependencies in the internet. Topics include microeconomics of pricing and regulations in communications industry, game theory in revenue allocations, ISP settlements, network externalities, two-sided markets. Economic principles in networking and network design, decentralized vs. centralized resource allocation, “price of anarchy,” congestion control. Case studies of topical internet issues. Societal and industry implications of internet evolution.
Further study of areas such as communication protocols and architectures, flow and congestion control in data networks, performance evaluation in integrated networks. Content varies from year to year, and different topics rotate through the course numbers 6770 to 6779.
Further study of areas such as communication protocols and architectures, flow and congestion control in data networks, performance evaluation in integrated networks. Content varies from year to year, and different topics rotate through the course numbers 6770 to 6779.
Health Communication has emerged as an important field of theory, research, and practice in the 21st century. As recognized by several public health and global health agendas, well-designed and implemented health communication interventions can have a positive impact on public health and health care outcomes, as well as health equity. This course will introduce students to the field of Health Communication theory and practice, and its key action areas. It will prepare them to design, implement and evaluate health communication interventions within a systematic, participatory, engaging, process-oriented, and multidisciplinary framework that aims at behavioral, social, and organizational results and ultimately, improved public health outcomes.
As health communication is grounded in many theories and principles (e.g., behavioral and social change, marketing, intergroup, sociology, anthropology, cultural-centered and positive deviance theory, mass media and new media theory, medical models, community organizing, social networks, etc.) that are also shared by other disciplines in the public health, health care, and community development fields, these theories will be briefly reviewed as part of session two in relation to their specific application to health communication theory and practice. The planning frameworks and practical exercises included in this course are specific to the field of health communication and provide students with core competencies and skills for future work in health communication within the nonprofit, corporate, academic, and government sectors both in the United States and globally.
Further study of areas such as communication protocols and architectures, flow and congestion control in data networks, performance evaluation in integrated networks. Content varies from year to year, and different topics rotate through the course numbers 6770 to 6779.
During this course, students will be introduced to the methods and techniques of creating infographics and data visualizations. They will learn about storytelling and how to create various charts using Tableau Desktop software. Students will also learn the practical aspects of managing a public health data visualization project. Tableau is becoming widely used and is now also connectable to the “big 4” SPSS/SAS/STAT/R, as such it is an essential data analytics tool for understanding and manipulating data for public health. Students will learn methodologies on how to approach public health data to create data visualizations that display statistics in a compelling form in Tableau. This hands-on introductory course will teach students to develop meaningful public health data stories that reveal insights. Students will utilize health data to tell visual stories and develop an aesthetic for presenting their findings to a lay audience.
Law and humanities is one of the most exciting domains of scholarship today, generating a vibrant interdisciplinary conversation among scholars of law, humanities, and the humanistic social sciences, drawing on fields as diverse as anthropology, art and architecture, film and media, history, human rights, literature, music, performance, philosophy, political theory, religion, sociology (etc). In this class, we will explore the work of scholars at the cutting edge of the field: work that reaches across the field and represents its diversity and richness. The class will also serve as a workshop for developing student projects and professional skills, with an eye to conference participation, thesis development, and possible publication.
We will devote the first two sessions to discussing the field, looking at its history and at current developments, exploring the tools of our different disciplines, and pondering the promises and pitfalls of interdisciplinary research. A series of distinguished guest scholars (a few of whom were once students in this class!) will attend subsequent sessions, circulating published and in-progress work to the class and describing their current projects. Several students will serve as respondents each week, and the class as a whole will have an opportunity to engage with our guests’ work and perhaps change its course. The last sessions will be dedicated to a mini-conference in which students will circulate and present their projects and we will celebrate our achievements. Graduate students in any field and at any stage of study welcome, along with any other members of the scholarly community interested in attending.
As long as societies have gone to war, commanders have had to consider how they will treat captives. It can be a factor at every stage of a struggle, from negotiations to avert war, tactics and strategy for winning, and post-conflict resolution. And long after the end of fighting, the experience of captivity can continue to shape how people recall and commemorate their history. This course examines how generations of lawmakers, diplomats, military commanders and activists have dealt with the problem of captivity. It will also explore the experience of the captives themselves, as well as their guards, including those guards who themselves were made prisoner after being accused of war crimes. Students will become familiar not just with different kinds of modern conflict, but also the different disciplinary methods for studying it, from sociology and political science to philosophy and international law.
This course introduces the fundamental concepts and problems of international human rights law. What are the origins of modern human rights law? What is the substance of this law, who is obligated by it, and how is it enforced? The course will cover the major international human rights treaties and mechanisms and consider some of todays most significant human rights issues and controversies. While the topics are necessarily law-related, the course will assume no prior exposure to legal studies.
Through a review of major academic writings, lectures, and class discussions, Conceptual Foundations of International Politics examines many of the central concepts, theories, and analytical tools used in contemporary social science to understand and explain international affairs. The theoretical literature is drawn from different fields in the social sciences, including comparative politics, international relations, political sociology, and economics; the lecturers include members of the Columbia faculty who are authorities in these fields (as well as, in many cases, experienced practitioners in their own right) alongside a number of outside guest speakers. The course is designed to enhance students' abilities to think critically and analytically about current problems and challenges in international politics. Conceptual Foundations is a semester-long course. The lecture/plenary session is held weekly, and the seminar-style sections also meet every week. Attending lectures and discussion sections is obligatory. Students are required to complete assigned readings before their discussion section.