Prerequisites:
ITAL V1102
or
W1102
, or the equivalent. If you did not take Elementary Italian at Columbia in the semester preceding the current one, you must take the placement test, offered by the Italian Department at the beginning of each semester.
A review of grammar, intensive reading, composition, and practice in conversation. Exploration of literary and cultural material. Lab: hours to be arranged.
Prerequisites:
LATN UN1101-UN1102
, or
LATN UN1121
, or the equivalent.
Selections from Catullus and from Cicero or Caesar.
Prerequisites:
PORT W1120
or the equivalent.
General review of grammar, with emphasis on self-expression through oral and written composition, reading, conversation, and discussion.
Prerequisites:
SPAN UN1102
or
SPAN UN1120
, or a score of 380-449 in the department's Placement Examination.
Prerequisites: SPAN UN1102 or SPAN UN1120, or a score of 380-449 on the department's Placement Examination. An intensive course in Spanish language communicative competence, with stress on oral interaction, reading, writing, and culture as a continuation of SPAN UN1102 or SPAN UN1120. All Columbia students must take Spanish language courses (UN 1101-3300) for a letter grade.
......Aim of the course is to offer an alternative - more "realistic" - view of ancient Greek art and understand its violence and goriness as parts of its (at least) two faces; to add, as it were, the lightless night of violence to the luminous day of the athletic, heroic and divine realms....
Prerequisites:
BCRS W1102
or the equivalent.
Readings in Serbian/Croatian/Bosnian literature in the original, with emphasis depending upon the needs of individual students. This course number has been changed to BCRS 2102
Further develops a student's knowledge of Bengali, a major language of northeast India and Bangladesh.
Prerequisites:
CANT W1101-W1102
or the instructor's permission.
This course further continues the study of the Cantonese language. Emphasis is on linguistic rules to enable students to communicate with more competence. The lessons will not only focus on language, but also incorporate discussions on history, current events, literature, popular culture, and native values. Includes field trips to Chinatown and other Cantonese-speaking neighborhoods.
Note:
This course is part of the language exchange program with New York University (NYU). Classes will be held at NYU.
Prerequisites:
DTCH W1101-W1102
or the equivalent.
Continued practice in the four skills (aural comprehension, reading, speaking, and writing); review and refinement of basic grammar; vocabulary building. Readings in Dutch literature.
Corequisites:
EGYP W1101-W1102
or the instructor's permission.
Advanced readings in ancient Egyptian texts.
Prerequisites:
FILI W1101-W1102
or the instructor's permission.
Emphasis is placed on the linguistic rules to enable students to communicate with more competence. The lessons will not only focus on language but also will use a holistic approach and incorporate discussions on history, current events, literature, pop culture, and native values.
Note:
This course is part of the language exchange program with New York University (NYU). Classes will be held at NYU.
Prerequisites:
FINN W1101-W1102
or the instructor's permission.
Continued practice in aural comprehension, reading, speaking, and writing; review and refinement of grammatical structures; vocabulary building. Readings include Finnish fiction and nonfiction.
Prerequisites: FREN UN2121 Intermediate Conversation is a suggested, not required, corequisite
Prepares students for advanced French language and culture. Develops skills in speaking, reading, and writing French. Emphasizes cross-cultural awareness through the study of short stories, films, and passages from novels. Fosters the ability to write about and discuss a variety of topics using relatively complex structures.
Prerequisites: GERM UN1201 or the equivalent.
Language study based on texts concerning culture and literature. Assignments include compositions in German and exercises of grammatical forms, both related to the texts. Class discussions in German provide oral and aural practice.
Prerequisites:
GREK V1101-V1102
or
GREK V1121
or the equivalent.
Detailed grammatical and literary study of several books of the Iliad and introduction to the techniques or oral poetry, to the Homeric hexameter, and to the historical background of Homer.
Prerequisites:
GRKM V2101
or the equivalent.
Continuation of
GRKM V2101
. Students complete their knowledge of the fundamentals of Greek grammar and syntax while continuing to enrich their vocabulary.
Prerequisites:
HNGR W1101-W1102
or the equivalent.
Further develops a student's knowledge of the Hungarian language. With the instructor's permission the second term of this course may be taken without the first. Students with a schedule conflict should consult the instructor about the possibility of adjusting hours.
Prerequisites:
INDO W1101-W1102
or the instructor's permission.
This course further develops a student's knowledge of Bahasa Indonesia, a major language of Indonesia and South East Asia.
Prerequisites:
IRSH UN1101-UN1102
or the instructor's permission.
For the more advanced student of Irish, this course focuses on improving conversational fluency and on expanding vocabulary through reading complex literature in Irish, and writing in the Irish language, further encouraging students to strengthen their pronunciation and command of spoken Irish.
Prerequisites:
ITAL V1201
or
W1201
, or the equivalent. If you did not take Elementary Italian at Columbia in the semester preceding the current one, you must take the placement test, offered by the Italian Department at the beginning of each semester.
A review of grammar, intensive reading, composition, and practice in conversation. Exploration of literary and cultural material. Lab: hours to be arranged. ITAL V1202 fulfils the basic foreign language requirement and prepares students for advanced study in Italian language and literature.
Prerequisites:
LATN UN2101
or the equivalent.
Selections from Ovid's
Metamorphoses
and from Sallust, Livy, Seneca, or Pliny.
Prerequisites:
MDES W1101-W1102
or the instructor's permission.
Further develops students' written and oral proficiency in order to allow them to function adequately in a Tamil-speaking environment. Of particular interest to students planning to conduct scholarly research or fieldwork in a Tamil-speaking context. Develops the students' appreciation for the rich culture of the Indian subcontinent where Tamil is spoken. No P/D/F or R credit is allowed for this class.
Prerequisites:
PULA W1101-W1102
or the instructor's permission.
This course further develops a student's knowledge of Pulaar, a major language of West Africa. No P/D/F or R credit is allowed for this class.
Prerequisites:
PUNJ W1101-W1102
or the instructor's permission.
Further develops a student's writing, reading, and oral skills in Punjabi, a major language of northern India and Pakistan.
Prerequisites:
QUCH W1101-W1102
or the instructor's permission.
Quechua is the most important and most widely-distributed indigenous language in South America, with over 10 million speakers living from the high mountains to the tropical lowlands in Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile, and Argentina. Those who speak it call the language runa simi or runa shimi, "human speech." It was the principal language of the Inca empire and the key language of cultural interaction during the colonial era. Quechua has remained central to indigenous peoples' efforts to preserve their cultural autonomy. It has gained greater force in recent years, during which indigenous movements have swept Quechua speakers into national politics, where they have succeeded in transforming constitutions to recognize cultural diversity, making Quechua an official language of state, and successfully promoting schooling in the language. Students who satisfactorily complete Elementary Quechua I and II will be well-prepared for intensive summer study at one of many summer study abroad programs in Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia that will put them in closer contact with the indigenous world.
Prerequisites:
RMAN W1101-W1102
or the instructor's permission.
Further explores the grammatical and linguistic structures of the Romanian language.
Prerequisites:
RUSS V1102
or the equivalent.
Drill practice in small groups. Reading, composition, and grammar review.
Prerequisites:
SINH W1101-1102
or the instructor's permission.
In this course, learners will continue practicing all four language skills through every day dialogues, writing letters, and describing basic situations. In addition, they will be introduced to Sinhala literature and learn how to read and comprehend basic Sinhala texts, such as newspaper articles. Finally, they will be introduced to current affairs as well as social, artistic, and cultural events and issues in Sri Lanka. The class uses a highly interactive classroom style supplemented by extensive use of video – both prepared and student-produced – and other computer-assisted tools. Please note this course is offered by videoconferencing from Cornell as part of the Shared Course Initiative.
Prerequisites:
SPAN UN2101
or a score of 450-624 in the department's Placement Examination.
Prerequisites: SPAN UN2101 or a score of 450-625 in the department's Placement Examination. An intensive course in Spanish language communicative competence, with stress on oral interaction, reading, writing and culture as a continuation of SPAN UN2101. All Columbia students must take Spanish language courses (UN 1101-3300) for a letter grade.
Corequisites: An introductory course in statistic (STAT UN1101 is recommended).
This course is an introduction to R programming. After learning basic programming component, such as defining variables and vectors, and learning different data structures in R, students will, via project-based assignments, study more advanced topics, such as recursion, conditionals, modular programming, and data visualization. Students will also learn the fundamental concepts in computational complexity, and will practice writing reports based on their statistical analyses.
The goal of this course is to further develop your speaking, reading, writing, and listening skills and broaden your knowledge about the Swedish culture, history and literature. Topics emphasize contemporary Swedish life and cross-cultural awareness. Topics to be covered include Sweden's regions, the party and political system, major historical and cultural figures, and the Swedish welfare state. In addition to the main text we will use a selection of short stories, newspaper articles, films and audio resources available on the internet. Class will be conducted almost exclusively in Swedish. To succeed in this course, you must actively participate. You will be expected to attend class regularly, prepare for class daily, and speak as much Swedish as possible. Methodology The class will be taught in a communicative way. It will be conducted primarily in Swedish. In-class activities and homework assignments will focus on improving and developing speaking, reading, writing, listening skills, and deepening the students' understanding of Swedish culture through interaction and exposure to a broad range of authentic materials.
Prerequisites:
SWHL W1101-W1102
or the instructor's permission.
A review of the essentials of Swahili grammar; detailed analysis of Swahili texts; practice in conversation. No P/D/F or R credit is allowed for this class.
Prerequisites:
UKRN W1102
or the equivalent.
Reviews and reinforces the fundamentals of grammar and a core vocabulary from daily life. Principal emphasis is placed on further development of communicative skills (oral and written). Verbal aspect and verbs of motion receive special attention.
Prerequisites:
WLOF W1101-W1102
or the instructor's permission.
Further develops a student's knowledge of Wolof, a major language of West Africa spoken primarily in Senegal and Gambia. No P/D/F or R credit is allowed for this class.
Prerequisites:
YORU W1101-W1102
or the instructor's permission.
In this course, learners will continue practicing all four language skills through every day dialogues, writing letters, and describing basic situations. In addition, they will be introduced to Yoruba literature and learn how to read and comprehend basic Yoruba texts, such as newspaper articles. Finally, they will be introduced to current affairs as well as social, artistic and, cultural events and issues in Nigeria. The class uses a highly interactive classroom style, supplemented by extensive use of video – both prepared and student-produced – and other computer-assisted tools. Please note this course is offered by videoconferencing from Cornell as part of the Shared Course Initiative.
Prerequisites:
ZULU W1201-W1202
or the instructor's permission.
Provides students with an in-depth review of the essentials of the Zulu grammar. Students are also able to practice their language skills in conversation.
Prerequisites: STAT UN2103 is strongly recommended. Students without programming experience in R might find STAT UN2102 very helpful.
This course covers statistical models amd methods for analyzing and drawing inferences for problems involving categofical data. The goals are familiarity and understanding of a substantial and integrated body of statistical methods that are used for such problems, experience in anlyzing data using these methods, and profficiency in communicating the results of such methods, and the ability to critically evaluate the use of such methods. Topics include binomial proportions, two-way and three-way contingency tables, logistic regression, log-linear models for large multi-way contingency tables, graphical methods. The statistical package R will be used.
The course focuses on reading comprehension and translation into English and includes a grammar and vocabulary overview. It also addresses the differences between English and French syntax and raises questions of idiomatic versus literal translations.
Prerequisites:
heritage knowledge of Spanish
. Students intending to register for this course must take the department's on-line
Placement Examination.
You should take this course if your recommended placement on this test is
SPAN UN2102
(a score of 450-624). If you place below
SPAN UN2102
you should follow the placement recommendation received with your test results. If you place above
SPAN UN2102
, you should choose between
SPAN UN3300
and
SPAN UN4900
. If in doubt, please consult with the Director of the Language Programs.
Designed for native and non-native Spanish-speaking students who have oral fluency beyond the intermediate level but have had no formal language training.
The architecture, sculpture, and painting of ancient Rome from the 2nd century B.C. to the end of the Empire in the West.